唐代户籍编造研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 02:46

本文关键词： 唐代户籍编造籍年特殊户籍制度建设　出处：《南京师范大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：户籍制度是古代中国重要的政治经济制度。户籍编造作为整体户籍制度的有机组成,不仅仅是人口管理的需要,也是土地占有、赋役征发的基本依据。唐代户籍制度是古代中国户籍发展史上的成熟时期,在对前代制度的继承与深化、户籍法令的制定、户籍文书种类的丰富、户籍编造的实践经验以及对后世及东亚地区的影响等方面,皆有典籍记载与出土实物的印证。本文主要勾勒了唐代户籍编造的概貌,以此揭示唐代国家治理的制度建设。武德、贞观时期是唐代户籍法令颁布、各类户籍文书出现并依法编造的初期,高宗、武周之际的户籍编造则不断地走向正常运转。而开元、天宝时期则是此项经济政策实施的顶峰,户籍法令得到有效的调整与维护,户籍编造表现出频繁的一面。总之,尽管存在地域与时代的差别,户籍编造在唐前期始终得到了普遍推行。安史之乱改变了唐王朝的正常秩序,土地制度、赋税制度的变化对户籍编造的周期、户等审定的标准及编造政策都产生了显著影响。同时,中晚唐时期的户籍编造被赋予了更多的政治内涵。这些变化被五代所继承,本文进而讨论了五代时期在户籍编造与户口统计上的努力,户状文书的形制、户等及团貌的改变、后唐后周的积极编造是政权更迭中的亮点。在户籍编造概况的基础上,本文作了两项个案研究。一是对编户民年龄——籍年的概念与其具体统计作了初步探讨。户籍是当时登录编户民年龄的法定资料,籍年不仅与丁中分类、徭役征发关系深厚,而且也被运用到官员任命、刑事判决等领域。二是利用新获文书对特殊户籍——僧尼籍的编造状况展开探讨,并以僧尼籍为例,可知唐代在非农人口的控制上,形成了特殊户籍编造的常态化。个案研究在纵向与横向上揭示了唐代户籍编造的切实成就。本文认为户籍编造与人口统计的制度化是唐代政治经济出现鼎盛的基本保障,而保存至今的户籍法令与户籍文书是唐代国家治理的宝贵遗产。
[Abstract]:The household registration system is an important political and economic system in ancient China. As an organic component of the whole household registration system, the household registration system is not only the need of population management, but also the land occupation. The household registration system in the Tang Dynasty was a mature period in the history of the development of ancient Chinese household registration. In the succession and deepening of the previous generation system, the establishment of the household registration law, and the rich types of household registration documents, the household registration system in the Tang Dynasty was a mature period in the history of the development of household registration in ancient China. The practical experience of household registration fabrication and its influence on later generations and East Asia are all confirmed by the records of classical books and the unearthed objects. This paper outlines the general picture of household registration fabrication in the Tang Dynasty, thus revealing the system construction of national governance in the Tang Dynasty. During the period of Zhenguan, when the household registration law was promulgated in the Tang Dynasty, all kinds of household registration documents appeared and were fabricated according to law. Gao Zong and Wu Zhou's household registration fabrications continued to move towards normal operation. The period of Kaiyuan and Tianbao was the pinnacle of the implementation of this economic policy. The household registration law has been effectively adjusted and maintained, and household registration fabrications have shown a frequent side. In short, despite the differences between regions and times, In the early Tang Dynasty, the household registration fabrications were popularly implemented. The Anshi Rebellion changed the normal order of the Tang Dynasty, the change of the land system and the tax system, and the cycle of making up the household register. At the same time, the household registration fabrications in the middle and late Tang dynasties were endowed with more political connotations. These changes were inherited by the five dynasties. This paper then discusses the efforts made up of household registration and household registration statistics during the five dynasties, the changes in the form of household documents, the shape of household documents, and the appearance of the regiment. The positive fabrication of the later Tang and Zhou dynasties is a bright spot in the regime change. On the basis of the general situation of household registration fabrication, This paper makes two case studies. First, it makes a preliminary discussion on the concept and specific statistics of the age and the year of residence. Household registration is the legal data of the age of registered residents at that time, and the year of registration is not only classified with the middle of Ding, but also has a deep relationship with the corvee. It has also been used in the fields of official appointment, criminal judgment and other fields. Second, using the newly obtained documents to discuss the fabrications of special hukou, monks and nuns, and taking monks and nuns as an example, we can see that the Tang Dynasty controlled the non-agricultural population. The case study reveals the real achievements of the household registration fabrication in the Tang Dynasty vertically and horizontally. This paper holds that the institutionalization of household registration fabrication and demographics is the basic guarantee for the emergence of political and economic prosperity in the Tang Dynasty. And the household registration laws and household registration documents are the precious heritage of the Tang Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K242

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