学校体育环境及其与学生体质健康的关系研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 23:37

本文选题：学校体育环境 + 学生体质健康　；参考：《南京师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：国民体质的好坏是社会文明和进步的重要标志,而一个民族体质的强弱主要体现在这个民族青少年体质健康方面的发展。一个国家的国民体质健康状况,可以说是其政治、经济、文化和综合国力的体现。初中生作为国民人口中的重要部分,其体质健康问题也越来越得到了国家、社会以及广大学者的关注。学校作为学生重要的学习和生活场所,学校的环境条件对学生参与体育锻炼的机会、心理动机都存在一定的影响。为了进一步探索学校体育环境因素对学生体质健康的影响状况,本研究运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、测试法、数理统计法等对纳入本研究的648名初中在校学生进行数据分析。结论： (1)调查地区学校的体育环境整体较好,能够满足学生的锻炼需求。在调查因素中体育课堂氛围、学生的体育价值观与行为倾向、体育教师素养的平均得分较高,体育宣传得分相对较低,说明学校对体育宣传的措施是环境建设中的薄弱环节。 (2)硬环境方面,室外体育场地条件要好于室内；学校体育场(馆)维护和器材更新不够及时；体育课程、大课间活动和体育比赛有所保障,但是放学后为学生提供运动参与机会较少。软环境方面,学校教育者对学生参与体育活动给予了一定的鼓励和支持；学生对体育锻炼的作用有积极的认识；师生关系和生生关系融洽,但是课余时间师生相互交流机会较少；体育教师综合素养较高；体育课程轻松活跃对学生具有较强的吸引力。 (3)学校体育环境部分因素与学生的体质健康有影响,男生和女生体质健康的环境影响因素和程度均有不同。学生的体质水平与学校场地条件、学校体育活动设置、学校教育者的体育观念、学生自身的体育观念、师生和生生之间人际关系的融洽程度、学校体育宣传情况、体育教师素养、体育课堂气氛都有一定程度的关系,而学校体育器材对学生体质水平没有影响。建议： (1)建立严格合理的规则制度,保障学校体育场地和器材设备的维护、保养及更新,发挥学校基本设施优势,改善学校体育场所器材设置等布局。 (2)加强学校的体育宣传,可以定期开展体育讲座,对体育表现优秀者可以进行全校表彰,鼓励学生参与体育运动。 (3)建立和谐的师生关系和融洽的同学关系,优化体育教学的心理环境,提高学生参与体育活动的热情。 (4)重视体育课堂的活跃氛围,降低学生学习压力,建立和谐、活跃、愉快的课堂,让学生在轻松愉悦的气氛下进行体育学习和锻炼。 (5)发挥教师的主导作用,引导学生树立正确的体育观,同时教师要为学生树立好积极的榜样,引导学生积极主动的参与到体育运动中。
[Abstract]:The quality of national constitution is an important symbol of social civilization and progress, and the strength of a national constitution is mainly reflected in the development of the national youth's physical health.A country's national physical health can be said to reflect its political, economic, cultural and comprehensive national strength.As an important part of the national population, junior high school students' physical health has been paid more and more attention by the country, society and scholars.As an important place for students to study and live, the school's environmental conditions have a certain impact on the opportunity and psychological motivation of students to participate in physical exercise.In order to further explore the influence of school sports environment factors on students' physical health, this study analyzed the data of 648 junior middle school students in this study by using the methods of literature, questionnaire, test and mathematical statistics.Conclusion:1) the overall physical environment of schools in the investigation area is good, which can meet the needs of students.Among the investigation factors, the physical education classroom atmosphere, the students' sports values and behavioral tendencies, the average score of physical education teachers' accomplishment are higher, and the scores of sports propaganda are relatively low, which indicates that the measures of school sports propaganda are the weak link in the environmental construction.(2) in terms of hard environment, outdoor sports venues are better than indoor ones; school stadiums (pavilions) are not maintained and equipment updated in a timely manner; sports courses, major recess activities and sports competitions are guaranteed.But there are fewer opportunities for students to participate in sports after school.In terms of soft environment, school educators have given certain encouragement and support to students to participate in sports activities; students have a positive understanding of the role of physical exercise; the relationship between teachers and students and the relationship between students and students are harmonious.However, there are few opportunities for teachers and students to communicate with each other in their spare time; physical education teachers have higher comprehensive literacy; physical education curriculum is relaxed and active to students has a strong attraction.3) some factors of school physical education environment have influence on students' physical health, and boys and girls have different environmental factors and degrees of physical health.Students' physique level and school site condition, school sports activity setting, school educator's sports idea, students' own sports concept, harmonious degree of interpersonal relationship between teachers and students, school sports propaganda,The quality of PE teachers and the atmosphere of PE classroom are related to a certain extent, but the physical education equipment has no effect on the students' physique level.Recommendations:1) to establish strict and reasonable rules and regulations to ensure the maintenance, maintenance and renewal of school sports venues and equipment, to give play to the advantages of school basic facilities, and to improve the layout of school sports facilities.2) strengthen the sports propaganda of the school, can hold the physical education lecture regularly, to the sports performance outstanding person may carry on the whole school commendation, encourages the student to participate in the sports.3) to establish harmonious teacher-student relationship and harmonious schoolmate relationship, to optimize the psychological environment of physical education teaching, and to increase students' enthusiasm for participating in sports activities.(4) pay attention to the active atmosphere of physical education classroom, reduce the students' study pressure, establish harmonious, active and happy classroom, let the students study and exercise in the relaxed and pleasant atmosphere.5) give full play to the leading role of teachers, guide students to establish a correct concept of physical education, at the same time, teachers should set a good positive example for students, and guide students to actively participate in sports.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G633.96

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