二战后东亚秩序:历史演进与转型瓶颈

发布时间：2018-05-01 02:04

本文选题：东亚秩序 + 秩序转型　；参考：《当代亚太》2015年04期

【摘要】：二战后东亚秩序的独特之处在于,东亚大陆地区和东亚沿海地区在政治、经济和安全上彼此割裂、尖锐对立,是一种典型的"陆海分离型"秩序架构。在政治上,中国主导的东亚大陆地区与美国卵翼下的东亚沿海地区在意识形态上相互对立,外交上互不承认;经济上,美国对新中国实施经济禁运和贸易封锁,中国与东亚沿海国家的传统经济联系也几乎割裂;安全上,美国在东亚沿海地区建立起双边军事同盟体系,对新中国进行军事包围。然而,随着时间的推移和国际局势的变化,特别是经过20世纪70年代的中美战略和解、90年代冷战结束以及21世纪以来的东亚权力转移,这一"陆海分离型"秩序逐渐发生变化,出现了政治和解、经济融合的积极势头。不过,在安全领域依然存在瓶颈,无论是在中美之间,还是在中国与部分沿海国家之间,都存在相当程度的安全困境。东亚秩序能否突破安全瓶颈,最终实现陆海秩序的融合,将不仅取决于中美两国的战略互信建设,也取决于东亚国家内部能否克服安全上的互信赤字。
[Abstract]:The unique point of East Asian order after World War II is that the East Asian mainland and the East Asian coastal areas are separated and sharply opposed to each other in politics, economy and security, which is a typical "land and sea separation" order structure. Politically, the East Asian mainland region dominated by China and the East Asian coastal area under the wing of the United States are ideologically opposed to each other and do not recognize each other diplomatically; economically, the United States imposes an economic embargo and a trade blockade on New China. The traditional economic ties between China and East Asian coastal countries are almost severed. In security, the United States has established a system of bilateral military alliances in the coastal areas of East Asia and imposed a military siege on New China. However, with the passage of time and changes in the international situation, especially after the strategic reconciliation between China and the United States in the 1970s and the end of the Cold War in the 1990s and the transfer of power in East Asia since the 21st century, this "land-sea separation" order has gradually changed. There has been a positive momentum of political reconciliation and economic integration. However, there are still bottlenecks in the area of security, both between China and the United States, and between China and some coastal countries. Whether the East Asian order can break through the security bottleneck and eventually achieve the integration of land and sea order will depend not only on the building of strategic mutual trust between China and the United States, but also on whether East Asian countries can overcome the security trust deficit within the East Asian countries.
【作者单位】：复旦大学美国研究中心;
【基金】：作者主持的国家社科基金一般项目“美国印太地区安全布局困境及中国应对之策研究”(项目批准号:14BGJ049)的阶段性成果复旦大学中美新型大国关系协同创新中心的研究成果
【分类号】：D871.2;D831

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