对《纽约时报》关于昆明事件和伍尔维奇事件新闻报道的批评话语分析

发布时间：2018-05-01 13:21

本文选题：批评话语分析 + 意识形态　；参考：《福建师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：恐怖主义为实现其政治目标或某项具体要求的主张和行动,对非武装人员有组织地使用暴力或以暴力相威胁。各国政府和人民强烈谴责暴力恐怖主义。然而,暴力恐怖事件仍然不断发生。2013年5月22日英国伦敦伍尔维奇区发生街头砍杀事件,两名英国籍男子将一名现役军人用刀当场杀害；2014年3月1日一群暴徒在云南昆明火车站砍杀大量无辜群众。这两起事件都引起了世界各国政府和人民的强烈谴责和关注,《纽约时报》也对这两次事件进行了报道。而《纽约时报》对这两起分别发生在中国和英国的暴力恐怖事件的新闻报道隐藏着怎样的意识形态值得我们的关注和研究。本研究主要采用批评话语分析的方法,以Fairclough的三维模式作为分析方法,以Halliday的系统功能语法作为分析工具,以《纽约时报》上关于昆明事件和伍而维奇事件的新闻报道为语料。所选语料为《纽约时报》2013年5月22日至2013年6月22日关于伍尔维奇事件的新闻报道和2014年3月1日至2014年4月1日关于昆明事件的新闻报道。旨在对比研究《纽约时报》在关于这两起事件的新闻报道中分别隐藏着怎样的意识形态,意识形态是如何在新闻报道语篇中体现的,以及为什么会有不同的意识形态。本研究发现：1)通过对语篇的及物性系统和分类系统的对比分析发现,在《纽约时报》关于昆明事件的新闻报道中,描述了一个专制的、人民没有言论自由的中国政府形象,并突出强调维吾尔族所遭遇的不平等以及与汉族和中国政府之间的激烈矛盾。而在《纽约时报》关于伍尔维奇事件的新闻报道中,描述了一个积极处理事件、开放透明的英国政府形象,并突出强调袭击者的残忍,且多与“恐怖主义”、“极端穆斯林”、“伊斯兰教”等字眼联系在一起。2)通过对语篇中消息来源和报道方式的对比分析发现,在《纽约时报》关于昆明事件的新闻报道中,报道者多把维吾尔族人民和汉族人民作为消息来源,而在《纽约时报》关于伍尔维奇事件的新闻报道中,报道者将英国政府作为最主要的消息来源,更多的是站在英国政府的角度,而忽略英国市民对于伍而维奇事件的观点和看法。3)《纽约时报》关于昆明事件和伍尔维奇事件的新闻报道中的不同意识形态是由机构和社会、政治、经济等因素决定的。本研究的理论意义在于为批评话语分析在新闻报道语篇的应用做了有益的尝试,实践意义在于它在一定程度上有助于培养和提高英语学习者和英语教学者的批评阅读能力和批评语言意识,并对英语学习者在阅读英美报刊以及英语教学者在教授英美报刊课程时具有一定的启示作用。
[Abstract]:Terrorism, in order to achieve its political objectives or the claims and actions of a specific requirement, systematically uses or threatens to use violence against unarmed persons. Governments and people strongly condemn violent terrorism. However, violent and terrorist incidents continue to occur. On 22 May 2013, street killings occurred in the Woolwich district of London, England, Two British men killed an active soldier with a knife on the spot; on March 1, 2014, a mob slashed and killed a large number of innocent people at the Kunming Railway Station in Yunnan Province. Both incidents have aroused strong condemnation and concern from governments and people around the world, and the New York Times has also reported on them. What ideology the New York Times has hidden in these two violent terrorist incidents in China and Britain is worthy of our attention and study. This study mainly adopts the critical discourse analysis method, taking the three-dimensional pattern of Fairclough as the analytical method, the systematic functional grammar of Halliday as the analytical tool, and the news reports on Kunming and Woolevich events in the New York Times as the corpus. The selected language materials are the New York Times News report on the Woolwich incident from May 22, 2013 to June 22, 2013, and the Kunming incident from March 1, 2014 to April 1, 2014. The purpose of this study is to compare what ideology is hidden in the New York Times' news reports on these two events, how ideology is embodied in news reports, and why there are different ideologies. This study found that: 1) through the comparative analysis of the text and the material and classification systems, it is found that in the New York Times's news report on the Kunming incident, the image of an autocratic Chinese government with no people's freedom of speech is described. The inequality encountered by Uighurs and the fierce contradiction with Han and Chinese government are highlighted. And in the New York Times news report on the Woolwich incident, it describes an active handling of the incident, an open and transparent image of the British government, and highlights the cruelty of the assailants, as well as "terrorism" and "extreme Muslims". "Islam" and other words are linked together. 2) through a comparative analysis of the sources and reporting methods in the text, it is found that in the New York Times news report on the Kunming incident, The Uyghur and Han Chinese are mostly used as sources of information by the reporters, while in the New York Times news report on the Woolwich incident, the British Government is regarded as the main source of information by the reporters. More from the perspective of the British government, ignoring the views and views of the British people on the Woolwich incident.) the different ideologies in the New York Times news reports on the events in Kunming and Woolwich are by the institutions and the society. Political, economic, etc. The theoretical significance of this study is to make a useful attempt for the application of critical discourse analysis in news discourse. The practical significance lies in its contribution to developing and improving the critical reading ability and critical language awareness of English learners and English teachers to a certain extent. It also can enlighten English learners in reading English newspapers and in teaching English newspapers and periodicals.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H315

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