延安时期马克思主义文艺思想中国化的反思

发布时间：2018-05-02 12:31

本文选题：马克思主义 + 延安时期　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在中国的现代化进程中,马克思主义文艺思想一直扮演着十分重要的角色。一方面,作为我国文学艺术发展的指导思想,马克思主义文艺思想规定了社会主义文学艺术的发展方向和繁荣社会主义文学艺术的基本方法,以及应当坚持的基本原则；另一方面,作为一种外来的文艺思想,马克思主义文艺思想又不断地同中国本土传统的文艺思想相结合,并且积极地吸收其它外来文艺思想和当代学术研究成果,坚持马克思主义文艺思想中国化的历程。回顾马克思主义文艺思想中国化的历程,我们取得了不少的成绩,但是也存在很多问题。这些问题在当代的集中表现就是：首先,我国马克思主义文艺思想中的教条主义现象仍然较为严重,马克思主义文艺思想创新能力不足。就对目前国内大部分关于马克思主义文艺思想的研究著作来看,更多的还是关于马克思主义作家原典著作的诠释和注解,具有自我创新性的和独到见解的著作较少；其次,我国的马克思主义文艺思想问题意识较为薄弱,不能很好地解决社会主义现代化建设中新出现的文学艺术问题。特别是进入后现代主义和消费社会,面对大众文化的强势冲击,我们的文艺思想一度出现“失语”的症状；其三,本质主义思想较为严重,民族化和地域化的特色不明显。在当代西方思潮中,宏大叙事和普遍真理的追求已经逐渐的被人们所摒弃,反映在文学理论上就是,文学理论更多的是对于文学史和文学批评的研究。当代西方一些比较具有代表性的文学理论著作,如拉曼·塞尔登等人合著的《当代文学理论导读》和特里·伊格尔顿的《二十世纪西方文学理论》(亦译《文学理论导论》)很少涉及对某个文学问题和文学理论家的直接论述,都是对文学理论批评采取历史梳理的方式来阐述文学理论问题。而我们的文学理论某种程度上仍在追求一种完美的、具有普适性的价值体系,仿佛可以穷尽文学艺术发展的一切规律和现象。这种本质主义的思想严重地束缚了当前文艺理论的发展,从而也使得我们的文艺理论身份色彩不明显,缺少民族特色和地域特点。这就需要我们主动地总结马克思主义文艺思想中国化历史上的成功案例,积极地总结经验、吸取教训,面对现实,为我国当前的马克思主义文艺思想建设做出贡献。文章主要探讨的是“马克思主义文艺思想中国化”这一课题,重点研究的是“延安时期马克思主义文艺思想中国化”这一问题,藉此总结特点,挖掘经验,反思不足。最后,着重论述了延安时期马克思主义文艺思想中国化对我国当前文学理论建设的启示。延安时期由于其在中国历史上的关键地位(既是我国革命战争的关键时期,更是我国文学艺术发展的关键时期),不但新中国的政治、经济等很多制度在延安时期就已经初步形成和得到了发展,而且,建国后很多文学艺术方面的方针政策、发展方向和具体方法在延安的时候都已经初见萌芽,并且还得到了实践,取得了收获。因而,对这段历史经验的总结显得尤为重要。文章分为四个章节：引言部分主要涉及的内容是选题的意义与目的、国内外研究现状和研究方法与内容。反思延安时期马克思主义文艺思想中国化这一问题,主要是由目前我国文艺理论发展的现实需求和国内外对这一问题的研究现状决定的。在研究方法上主要采用的是“历史”与“情境”的方法,在还原历史真实的前提下,注重理论阐释与批评实践的结合。第一章的主要内容是对马克思主义文艺思想中国化的知识背景进行了介绍。探讨了由对“马克思主义”学说的研究到“马克思主义中国化”问题的研究,再到“马克思主义文艺思想中国化”问题研究的历程,进而对马克思主义文艺思想中国化的成因进行了初步总结。第二章探讨了延安时期马克思主义文艺思想中国化的具体内容。从文艺思想的翻译和介绍、具体文艺理论问题的探讨和文学创作实践等方面展开论述,目的是对延安时期马克思主义文艺思想中国化有一个总体概观。第三章总结了延安时期马克思主义文艺思想中国化的指导思想和具体原则,并讨论了延安文艺思想对马克思主义文艺思想中国化的影响问题。主要从三个方面展开：党的文化领导权的建立,文艺思想理论基础的规定和文学艺术核心问题的提出与确定,以及新的文化生产机制的建立。最后反思了这个过程中存在的问题和不足,以及我们应该吸取的经验教训。第四章总结和反思了延安时期马克思主义文艺思想中国化建设对中国现阶段文艺理论建设的启示,为当前我国文艺理论建设提供参考意义。
[Abstract]:In the course of China's modernization, Marx's thought of literature and art has always played a very important role. On the one hand, as the guiding ideology of the development of Chinese literature and art, Marx's literary and artistic thought stipulates the direction of the development of socialist literature and art and the basic method of prospering socialist literature and art, as well as the basis to be adhered to. On the other hand, as a kind of foreign literary and artistic thought, Marx's thought of literature and art is constantly combined with the traditional Chinese literature and art thought, and actively absorbs other foreign literary and artistic ideas and the achievements of contemporary academic research, and persists in the course of the Sinicization of Marx's literature and art.
Reviewing the course of the Sinicization of Marx's literary and artistic thought, we have made a lot of achievements, but there are also many problems. First, the dogmatism in Marx's literary and artistic thought in our country is still more serious, and the creative ability of Marx's literary and artistic ideas is insufficient. Most of the research works on Marx's literary and artistic ideas in China are still more about the interpretation and annotation of the original works of the Marx writers, and there are few works of self innovation and unique opinions. Secondly, the consciousness of Marx's literary and artistic ideas in our country is weak and can not solve the social owners well. The new literary and artistic problems appeared in the construction of the modernization of righteousness. Especially in the post modernism and the consumer society, facing the strong impact of the mass culture, our literary and artistic thoughts once appeared the symptoms of "Aphasia"; thirdly, the essentialism thought is more serious, the nationalization and regionalization are not obvious. The pursuit of narrative and universal truth has been gradually abandoned by people. It is reflected in the literary theory that literary theory is more of the study of literary history and literary criticism. Some contemporary western literary theories are representative of contemporary western literature, such as Raman Selden, the guide of contemporary literary theory and Terry Igor. The "Twentieth Century western literary theory >" ("Introduction to literary theory") rarely involves a direct discussion of a literary and literary theorist. It is a way to elaborate literary theory by a historical combing of literary theory criticism, and our literary theory is still in the pursuit of a perfect and universally applicable literary theory. The value system of sex seems to be able to exhaustion all the laws and phenomena of the development of literature and art. This essentialism seriously hindered the development of the current theory of literature and art, thus making the identity of our theory of literature and art not obvious, and the lack of national and regional characteristics. This requires us to actively summarize the Marx literature and art. It is a successful case in China's history, which actively summarizes experience, draws lessons and faces reality, and contributes to the current Marx's literary and artistic thought construction in China.
The article mainly discusses the issue of "the Sinicization of Marx's thought of literature and art", focusing on the issue of "the Sinicization of literary and artistic thought of Marx in the period of Yanan", by which the characteristics are summed up, experience is excavated, and the reflection is insufficient. Finally, the present article of the Chinese literature and art thought of Marx in the period of Yanan is emphasized. Because of its key position in the history of China (not only the critical period of our revolutionary war, but also the critical period of the development of Chinese literature and Art) in Yanan period, not only the political and economic systems of the new China have been initially formed and developed in the period of Yanan, but also a lot of literature and art after the founding of the people's Republic of China. The policy, the direction of development and the specific methods of the operation have been first seen in Yanan, and they have been practiced and gained. Therefore, the summary of this historical experience is particularly important. The article is divided into four chapters:
The main content of the introduction is the significance and purpose of the topic, the status quo and the research methods and contents of the research at home and abroad. The question of the Chinese literature and art thought of Marx during the period of Yanan is mainly determined by the current needs of the development of the theory of literature and art in our country and the present situation of the research at home and abroad. It mainly adopts the method of "history" and "situational", and pays attention to the combination of theoretical interpretation and critical practice under the premise of restoring historical truth.
The main content of the first chapter is the introduction of the knowledge background of the Sinicization of Marx's thought of literature and art, the study of the study of "Marx doctrine" to "the Sinicization of Marx doctrine", and the course of the study of "the Sinicization of Marx's thought of literature and art", and then to Marx's literature and art. A preliminary summary of the causes of the Sinicization of thought has been made.
The second chapter discusses the specific content of the Sinicization of Marx's literary and artistic thought in the period of Yanan, and discusses the translation and introduction of literary and artistic ideas, the discussion of the specific theory of literature and art and the practice of literary creation. The purpose is to have a general overview of the Sinicization of Marx's literary and artistic thought in the period of the period of Yanan.
The third chapter summarizes the guiding ideology and specific principles of the Sinicization of Marx's literary and artistic thought in the period of Yanan, and discusses the influence of Yanan's literary and artistic thought on the Sinicization of Marx's literary and artistic thought, mainly from three aspects: the establishment of the party's cultural leadership, the provisions of the theoretical basis of literary and artistic ideas and the core of the literature and art. The problem and the establishment of a new cultural production mechanism are put forward. Finally, the problems and shortcomings in this process are reflected and the lessons we should draw on.
The fourth chapter summarizes and introspection the Enlightenment of the construction of the Chinese literary and artistic thought of Marx in the period of Yanan to the present stage of Chinese literature and art, which provides a reference for the current Chinese literature and art theory construction.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I0

【参考文献】