延吉市朝鲜族初中低年段汉语听说教学现状调查与分析

发布时间：2018-06-05 11:05

本文选题：延吉市 + 朝鲜族初中　；参考：《延边大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：听话和说话是口头语言信息交流的过程,听说能力是语文能力的重要组成部分。听说教学有助于学生阅读、写作和思维能力的发展,可以提高学生的社交能力和文化素养,促进学生语文能力的全面发展。在汉语教学中,听说教学历来都是核心问题和难点问题。汉语听说作为朝鲜族学生第二语言学习的基础,有关专家学者一直没有停止对这个问题的研究,试图找到一条能够快速有效提高汉语听说教学质量的方法。延吉市是延边朝鲜族自治州首府,地处吉林省东部,是全州政治、经济、文化中心,其中朝鲜族约占58%。目前延吉市共有6所朝鲜族初中,低年段汉语任课教师有22人。朝鲜族初中汉语听说教学作为汉语教学的重要组成部分,对学生逻辑思维能力和表达能力的培养具有关键性的作用。对延吉市朝鲜族初中低年段汉语听说教学研究是一个必要的课题。通过对6所朝鲜族初中的问卷调查对汉语教师的访谈,可以发现延吉市初中低年段汉语听说教学已取得了一定成绩,具有自己独有的特色。具体表现在：社会、学校、家庭都形成了良好的教学环境,一支掌握了第二语言习得规律、汉语水平较高、汉语教学丰富的教师队伍;在教学中已形成了有效的教学方法,即重视师生之间的听说互动、听说教学紧密联系学生生活、充分利用教材开展听说训练。从而,取得的效果是显著的：学生汉语听说积极性较高、基础知识扎实、具备了一定的汉语能力。同时,调查也显示由于学生汉语听说水平参差不齐、听说教学课时不足、与读写教学结合不够紧密、评价方式单一等问题,影响了汉语听说教学水平的提升和学生对汉语学习的兴趣。针对上述问题,论文拟从教材、教师、学生三方面提出相关建议：教材方面,建议调整选文结构、增加汉语听说的内容、丰富听说材料：教师方面,加强对议汉语听说教学的认识、尊重学生的个体差异和认知水平、将听说教学与读写教学有机结合、注重学生汉语运用实践能力的培养、引导学生培养汉语听说学习的兴趣、设置多层次多维度的评价体系；学生方面,建议自觉培养对汉语听说学习的兴趣、加强汉语听说实践训练、夯实汉语听说基本技能、扩大汉语字词等相关知识的积累。通过以上建议的实施,以期对延吉市朝鲜族初中低年段汉语听说教学水平的提高提供一定的借鉴和参考。
[Abstract]:Listening and speaking is the process of oral and verbal information exchange, and listening and speaking ability is an important part of Chinese ability. Listening and speaking teaching is helpful to the development of students' reading, writing and thinking ability, it can improve students' social ability and cultural accomplishment, and promote the all-round development of students' Chinese ability. In Chinese teaching, listening and speaking teaching has always been a core and difficult problem. Chinese listening and speaking is the basis of Korean students' second language learning. Experts and scholars have been trying to find a way to improve the teaching quality of Chinese listening and speaking quickly and effectively. Yanji, the capital of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, is located in the east of Jilin Province and is the political, economic and cultural center of the whole state. At present, Yanji has 6 Korean junior middle schools, 22 junior Chinese teachers. As an important part of Chinese teaching, Korean junior middle school Chinese listening and speaking teaching plays a key role in the cultivation of students' logical thinking ability and expression ability. It is necessary to study the teaching of Chinese listening and speaking in the junior middle school of Korean nationality in Yanji. Through interviews with Chinese teachers in 6 Korean junior middle schools, it can be found that the teaching of Chinese listening and speaking in junior middle schools in Yanji City has made some achievements and has its own unique characteristics. They are: society, schools and families have formed a good teaching environment, a team of teachers who have mastered the law of second language acquisition, have a high level of Chinese, and are rich in Chinese teaching, and have formed effective teaching methods in teaching. That is, pay attention to the interaction between teachers and students, listening and speaking teaching closely linked to student life, the full use of teaching materials to develop listening and speaking training. As a result, the effect is remarkable: students have high enthusiasm in listening and speaking Chinese, solid basic knowledge, and have certain Chinese ability. At the same time, the investigation also shows that the students' Chinese listening and speaking skills are uneven, the teaching time of listening and speaking teaching is insufficient, the combination with reading and writing teaching is not close enough, and the evaluation method is single, etc. It affects the improvement of Chinese listening and speaking teaching and the interest of students in learning Chinese. In view of the above problems, the paper proposes some suggestions from three aspects: teaching materials, teachers and students. In the teaching materials, it is suggested to adjust the selection structure, to increase the content of Chinese listening and speaking, and to enrich the listening and speaking materials: teachers, Strengthening the understanding of Chinese listening and speaking teaching, respecting the individual difference and cognitive level of students, combining listening and speaking teaching with reading and writing teaching organically, paying attention to the cultivation of students' practical ability of using Chinese, guiding students to cultivate their interest in learning Chinese listening and speaking. It is suggested that the students should cultivate their interest in the study of Chinese listening and speaking, strengthen the practical training of Chinese listening and speaking, consolidate the basic skills of Chinese listening and speaking, and expand the accumulation of related knowledge such as Chinese characters and words. Through the implementation of the above suggestions, this paper hopes to provide some reference and reference for improving the teaching level of Chinese listening and speaking in the junior middle school of Korean nationality in Yanji city.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.3

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