创新、企业生产率与国际市场进入模式选择
发布时间：2018-08-05 10:42
【摘要】：经济全球化和贸易自由化的不断深入促进了生产要素的全球优化配置和价值链条的世界战略布局,潜移默化地改变着当今世界的政治经济版图。越来越多的企业为了规避贸易壁垒、获取战略资源、吸收共性技术、优化产品结构、扩大经营收益、重塑市场格局等,纷纷走出国门,走向世界市场,开展国际化经营,在符合当今世界政治多极化和经济全球化发展趋势的同时,促进了企业品牌化、资本化和高端化,增强了国家竞争力、影响力和吸引力,成为当代中国企业国际化舞台上一道靓丽的风景线。 国际市场进入模式的研究始于国际投资理论,经过不断的发展、丰富而日臻完善。尤其是聚焦于异质性企业的新新贸易理论的提出,为这项研究开辟了更为广阔的发展领域和创新空间。新新贸易理论认为,只有生产率高的企业才能进入国际市场和进行国际化经营,生产率较低的企业仅能服务国内市场,生产率最低的企业不得不退出市场。长期以来,我国企业自主创新能力较低,企业生产率整体水平不高,国际化发展经验尚浅,缺乏清晰的国际化战略。选择适宜的国际市场进入模式是企业能否成功走向国际市场,进行国际化经营的关键。 本文在企业异质性视角下,将创新、企业生产率与国际市场进入模式选择三者联系起来,系统研究了三者之间相互影响的内在机理,并用企业微观数据进行检验。具体来说,本文从文献综述入手,回顾和评述了企业国际化理论和新新贸易理论的国内外研究进展,并将创新、企业生产率和国际市场进入模式选择问题作为本文的研究重点(第二章)。首先,本文进行了企业异质性理论分析,探讨企业异质性的内涵和在国际贸易中的普适性,较为详细地介绍了HMY框架下异质性企业国际市场进入模式选择,将创新因素纳入其中(第三章)。接着,本文在企业异质性视角下分别探讨了创新、企业生产率与国际市场进入模式之间的互动关系,充分考虑企业国际化的实际情况,例如间接出口、创新异质(不同创新程度和不同创新类型)、联合经营、出口平台型FDI等情况(第四章、第五章)。其次,本文以出口模式为例,利用企业微观数据对前文得到的结论进行了实证分析(第六章)。最后,本文将每章的结论进行归纳概括总结得到了全文结论(第七章)。 本文的主要结论是,企业进入国际市场必须选择与生产率相适宜的模式。在异质性视角下,创新、企业生产率与国际市场进入模式之间存在良性互动关系。考虑运输成本为零和创新绩效异质的情况,创新在企业选择出口模式进入国际市场过程中发挥着重要作用。考虑联合经营和出口平台型FDI的情况,创新依然显著影响企业选择投资模式进入国际市场。当企业生产率保持不变或者保持固定增长率时,企业选择出口模式或者投资模式进入国际市场；当企业生产率保持随机波动时,出口模式不再是最优模式,企业最终将选择投资模式进入国际市场。创新能够提高企业生产率水平,缩短与生产率阀值之间的差距,减少进入国际市场之前的等待时间,促进企业选择适宜的模式进入国际市场,获得较高的国际化投资收益。 企业选择国际市场进入模式主要依据是企业生产率相对水平。对于企业来说,企业应不断进行创新,努力提高创新绩效,提升企业国际化经营水平。对于政府来说,政府应从全球视野谋划,构建以企业为主体,以市场为导向,产学研相结合的技术创新体系,更加注重企业协同创新能力,努力提高企业创新绩效。应当降低政府补贴,不断降低企业成本,逐步扩大企业规模,提高企业生产率。降低政府对企业的补贴,建立政府补贴动态监测机制和创新激励平台,通过税收优惠、反馈交互、评估累计等形式,提高企业进行技术创新的积极性。加强国内基础设施建设,全面清理好规范各种交通运输行政事业性收费,降低出口企业的市场进入成本、出口固定成本和出口运输成本。加强国际贸易合作与交流,简化和协调国内外各种贸易程序。通过消除信息盲点、堵塞信息漏洞、加强信息反馈等举措促进三者良性互动。
[Abstract]:The continuous deepening of economic globalization and trade liberalization has promoted the global optimization of production factors and the global strategic layout of the value chain, changing the political and economic map of the world imperceptibly. More and more enterprises are getting strategic resources, absorbing common technology, optimizing product structure and expanding the product structure in order to avoid trade barriers. The profit, reshaping the market pattern and so on, go out of the country, go to the world market, carry out the international operation, in line with the current world political polarization and the trend of economic globalization, promote the brand, capitalization and high end of the enterprise, enhance the national competitiveness, influence and attraction, and become the international dance of the contemporary Chinese Enterprises A beautiful scenery line on the platform.
The research on the entry mode of international market begins with the international investment theory, and is enriched and perfected after continuous development. Especially, the new trade theory focusing on the heterogeneous enterprises has opened up a wider field of development and innovation space for this research. New new trade theory holds that only high productivity enterprises can enter into the research. In the international market and international business, enterprises with low productivity can only serve the domestic market, and the lowest productivity enterprises have to withdraw from the market. For a long time, the independent innovation ability of our enterprises is low, the overall level of enterprise productivity is not high, the international development experience is shallow, and the international strategy is short of clear international market. Choose the appropriate international market. The entry mode is the key to whether the enterprise can succeed in the international market and internationalize its operation.
From the perspective of enterprise heterogeneity, this paper links innovation, enterprise productivity and international market entry mode choice between the three, systematically studies the internal mechanism of the mutual influence between the three, and uses the enterprise micro data to test it. In particular, this article reviews and reviews the theory of enterprise internationalization and new trade from the literature review. The research progress of the theory at home and abroad, and the choice of innovation, enterprise productivity and international market entry mode is the key point of this paper (second chapter). Firstly, this paper analyzes the theory of enterprise heterogeneity, discusses the connotation of enterprise heterogeneity and the universality in international trade, and introduces the heterogeneity enterprise under the framework of HMY in detail. In the international market entry mode selection, the innovation factors are included (third chapters). Then, this paper discusses the interaction relationship between innovation, enterprise productivity and international market entry mode in the perspective of enterprise heterogeneity, taking full consideration of the actual situation of enterprise internationalization, such as indirect export, innovation heterogeneity (different degree of innovation and not). With the innovation type), the joint operation, the export platform type FDI and so on (fourth chapter, fifth chapter). Secondly, this article takes the export model as an example, uses the enterprise micro data to carry on the empirical analysis (sixth chapters) to the conclusion obtained in the previous article. Finally, the conclusion of each chapter is summed up and the conclusion of the full text (seventh chapter) is obtained.
The main conclusion of this paper is that enterprises must choose a suitable model to enter the international market. In the perspective of heterogeneity, there is a positive interaction between innovation, enterprise productivity and international market entry mode. Considering the zero transportation cost and the heterogeneity of innovation performance, innovation is the choice of the export mode of enterprise to enter the international market. The field process plays an important role. Considering the situation of joint operation and export platform type FDI, innovation still significantly affects the enterprise choice investment model entering the international market. When the enterprise productivity remains constant or keeps the fixed growth rate, the enterprise chooses the export mode or the investment model into the international market; when the enterprise productivity maintains When random fluctuation, the export mode is no longer the best model, and the enterprise will eventually choose the investment model to enter the international market. Innovation can improve the enterprise productivity level, shorten the gap with the productivity threshold, reduce the waiting time before entering the international market, and promote the choice of the suitable model to enter the international market, and get a higher country. International investment returns.
For enterprises to choose the international market entry mode, the main basis is the relative level of enterprise productivity. For enterprises, enterprises should constantly innovate, strive to improve the innovation performance and improve the enterprise's international management level. For the government, the government should plan from the global perspective, build the enterprise as the main body, market oriented, and combine production, research and research. The technological innovation system should pay more attention to the cooperative innovation ability of enterprises and strive to improve the innovation performance of enterprises. We should reduce the government subsidies, reduce the cost of enterprises, gradually expand the scale of enterprises, improve the productivity of enterprises, reduce the subsidy of the government to the enterprises, establish the dynamic monitoring mechanism of government subsidies and the innovation incentive platform, through tax preferential treatment, In order to improve the enthusiasm of enterprises to carry out technological innovation, we should enhance the enthusiasm of enterprises to carry out technological innovation, strengthen domestic infrastructure construction, fully clean up the administrative fees of various transportation and transportation, reduce the market entry costs of export enterprises, export fixed costs and export transport into the base, strengthen international trade cooperation and exchange, simplify and coordinate countries. All kinds of trade procedures at home and abroad, such as eliminating information blind spots, plugging information loopholes and strengthening information feedback, can promote the positive interaction among the three.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F273.1;F272.3;F752
本文编号：2165554
[Abstract]:The continuous deepening of economic globalization and trade liberalization has promoted the global optimization of production factors and the global strategic layout of the value chain, changing the political and economic map of the world imperceptibly. More and more enterprises are getting strategic resources, absorbing common technology, optimizing product structure and expanding the product structure in order to avoid trade barriers. The profit, reshaping the market pattern and so on, go out of the country, go to the world market, carry out the international operation, in line with the current world political polarization and the trend of economic globalization, promote the brand, capitalization and high end of the enterprise, enhance the national competitiveness, influence and attraction, and become the international dance of the contemporary Chinese Enterprises A beautiful scenery line on the platform.
The research on the entry mode of international market begins with the international investment theory, and is enriched and perfected after continuous development. Especially, the new trade theory focusing on the heterogeneous enterprises has opened up a wider field of development and innovation space for this research. New new trade theory holds that only high productivity enterprises can enter into the research. In the international market and international business, enterprises with low productivity can only serve the domestic market, and the lowest productivity enterprises have to withdraw from the market. For a long time, the independent innovation ability of our enterprises is low, the overall level of enterprise productivity is not high, the international development experience is shallow, and the international strategy is short of clear international market. Choose the appropriate international market. The entry mode is the key to whether the enterprise can succeed in the international market and internationalize its operation.
From the perspective of enterprise heterogeneity, this paper links innovation, enterprise productivity and international market entry mode choice between the three, systematically studies the internal mechanism of the mutual influence between the three, and uses the enterprise micro data to test it. In particular, this article reviews and reviews the theory of enterprise internationalization and new trade from the literature review. The research progress of the theory at home and abroad, and the choice of innovation, enterprise productivity and international market entry mode is the key point of this paper (second chapter). Firstly, this paper analyzes the theory of enterprise heterogeneity, discusses the connotation of enterprise heterogeneity and the universality in international trade, and introduces the heterogeneity enterprise under the framework of HMY in detail. In the international market entry mode selection, the innovation factors are included (third chapters). Then, this paper discusses the interaction relationship between innovation, enterprise productivity and international market entry mode in the perspective of enterprise heterogeneity, taking full consideration of the actual situation of enterprise internationalization, such as indirect export, innovation heterogeneity (different degree of innovation and not). With the innovation type), the joint operation, the export platform type FDI and so on (fourth chapter, fifth chapter). Secondly, this article takes the export model as an example, uses the enterprise micro data to carry on the empirical analysis (sixth chapters) to the conclusion obtained in the previous article. Finally, the conclusion of each chapter is summed up and the conclusion of the full text (seventh chapter) is obtained.
The main conclusion of this paper is that enterprises must choose a suitable model to enter the international market. In the perspective of heterogeneity, there is a positive interaction between innovation, enterprise productivity and international market entry mode. Considering the zero transportation cost and the heterogeneity of innovation performance, innovation is the choice of the export mode of enterprise to enter the international market. The field process plays an important role. Considering the situation of joint operation and export platform type FDI, innovation still significantly affects the enterprise choice investment model entering the international market. When the enterprise productivity remains constant or keeps the fixed growth rate, the enterprise chooses the export mode or the investment model into the international market; when the enterprise productivity maintains When random fluctuation, the export mode is no longer the best model, and the enterprise will eventually choose the investment model to enter the international market. Innovation can improve the enterprise productivity level, shorten the gap with the productivity threshold, reduce the waiting time before entering the international market, and promote the choice of the suitable model to enter the international market, and get a higher country. International investment returns.
For enterprises to choose the international market entry mode, the main basis is the relative level of enterprise productivity. For enterprises, enterprises should constantly innovate, strive to improve the innovation performance and improve the enterprise's international management level. For the government, the government should plan from the global perspective, build the enterprise as the main body, market oriented, and combine production, research and research. The technological innovation system should pay more attention to the cooperative innovation ability of enterprises and strive to improve the innovation performance of enterprises. We should reduce the government subsidies, reduce the cost of enterprises, gradually expand the scale of enterprises, improve the productivity of enterprises, reduce the subsidy of the government to the enterprises, establish the dynamic monitoring mechanism of government subsidies and the innovation incentive platform, through tax preferential treatment, In order to improve the enthusiasm of enterprises to carry out technological innovation, we should enhance the enthusiasm of enterprises to carry out technological innovation, strengthen domestic infrastructure construction, fully clean up the administrative fees of various transportation and transportation, reduce the market entry costs of export enterprises, export fixed costs and export transport into the base, strengthen international trade cooperation and exchange, simplify and coordinate countries. All kinds of trade procedures at home and abroad, such as eliminating information blind spots, plugging information loopholes and strengthening information feedback, can promote the positive interaction among the three.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F273.1;F272.3;F752
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