中国要素市场扭曲的成因及其对出口贸易的影响

发布时间：2018-01-13 22:09

本文关键词：中国要素市场扭曲的成因及其对出口贸易的影响　出处：《天津财经大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以改革开放至今中国的经济体制转型时期经济运行环境作为研究背景,从宏观的层次阐述要素扭曲对于出口的影响。改革开放后,由于体制惯性,对要素市场价格改革一直滞后,时至今日,尽管大多数产品价格已经实现市场机制调节,但是重要生产要素价格依然由政府控制。本文从一般价格均衡理论入手,构建中国市场价格决定机制研究的基本理论分析框架。系统阐述要素市场扭曲的界定,回顾要素市场扭曲理论,揭示中国改革开放三十年以来的要素价格发展路程,深入分析价格调整与价格变动的分配意义,说明计划经济体制下和市场经济体制下要素市场扭曲的形成原因与表现形式。文章利用公开发布的统计数据,采用永续盘存法测算了资本存量,利用索罗残差法运用C-D生产函数测算了1979-2010年的全要素生产率。最后,采用C-D生产函数方法测度要素价格扭曲,即通过对生产函数的估计求出要素的边际产出,也就是要素应得的报酬；测算了改革开放三十年的中国经济的要素市场扭曲的程度。文章最后利用1979-2010年的宏观数据来考察要素市场扭曲的程度与出口贸易之间的关系,说明市场扭曲是我国出口比较优势的来源。以往的研究比较强调对外开放的因素,但他们未能有效地解释为什么中国的出口贸易的增长非常容易遭受外部冲击的影响以及贸易条件为什么持续恶化。为此本文强调对内开放因素,从国内市场扭曲这一新的角度重新审视中国出口的决定因素。
[Abstract]:This paper takes the economic operation environment of China's economic system transformation period as the research background, from the macro level to explain the impact of factor distortion on exports. After reform and opening up, due to institutional inertia. The reform of factor market price has been lagging behind. Today, although the price of most products has been regulated by market mechanism, the price of important factor of production is still controlled by the government. Starting with the general price equilibrium theory, this paper constructs a basic theoretical analysis framework for the study of the price determination mechanism in China's market, systematically expounds the definition of factor market distortion, and reviews the factor market distortion theory. This paper reveals the development of factor price in China since the reform and opening up 30 years ago, and analyzes the significance of price adjustment and price change. Explain the reason and form of factor market distortion under planned economy system and market economy system. This paper calculates the capital stock by the method of perpetual inventory and the total factor productivity of 1979-2010 by using the C-D production function using the Solow residual method. The method of C-D production function is used to measure factor price distortion, that is to say, the marginal output of factor is calculated by estimating the production function, that is, the reward due to factor; This paper estimates the degree of distortion of the factor market of China's economy after 30 years of reform and opening up. Finally, we use the macro data from 1979 to 2010 to study the relationship between the distortion of factor market and export trade. It shows that market distortion is the source of China's export comparative advantage. Previous studies have emphasized the factors of opening to the outside world. But they fail to explain why the growth of China's export trade is very vulnerable to external shocks and why the terms of trade continue to deteriorate. Reexamine the determinants of China's exports from a new perspective of domestic market distortions.
【学位授予单位】：天津财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F752.62;F124

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