宋代赈贷初探

发布时间：2018-08-05 14:02

【摘要】：赈贷是中国传统救荒政策的一项具体内容。宋代赈贷得到了广泛的发展,以提供赈贷资金的主要仓储不同为主线,可以分为四个阶段:(1)北宋前中期:以省仓、军储、内库、三司资金等为主的赈贷;(2)北宋中后期:青苗法影响下以常平仓等为主的赈贷;(3)南宋前期:战乱破坏后政府多方位的赈贷;(4)南宋中后期:士绅主导下的社仓赈贷。这四个阶段赈贷的实施、发展,在宋代社会、经济中发挥了重要的作用。但由于缺乏对赈贷的专题性深入研究,因此,对赈贷的分类比较粗略,且作用也被低估。本文从赈贷较赈粜赈给之利、赈贷资金来源的丰富、赈贷实施及效用的多样化三个方面,论述宋代赈贷的地位和作用,最后讨论宋代赈贷的弊病、利息、蠲贷和倚阁等问题,力图勾勒宋代赈贷的发展框架,并对宋代赈贷的地位、作用作一个客观的评价。
[Abstract]:Relief loan is a specific content of Chinese traditional relief policy. The development of relief loan in Song Dynasty has been extensive. It can be divided into four stages: (1) the first and middle period of the Northern Song Dynasty: to save the warehouse, to store the army, and to store the internal storehouse, taking the main storage of the relief loan funds as the main line, which can be divided into four stages: The three main relief loans are funds; (2) under the influence of the Qingmiao Law, the main relief loans are those under the influence of the Qingmiao Law; (3) the early stage of the Southern Song Dynasty: the multi-directional relief loans of the government after the war and destruction; (4) the middle and late Song Dynasty: the social warehouse relief loans under the leadership of the gentry. The implementation and development of relief loans in these four stages played an important role in the society and economy of Song Dynasty. However, due to the lack of special research on relief loans, the classification of relief loans is rough and its function is underestimated. This paper discusses the status and function of relief loan in Song Dynasty from three aspects: the benefit of relief loan, the rich source of relief loan fund, the implementation of relief loan and the diversification of its utility. Finally, it discusses the disadvantages of relief loan in Song Dynasty, such as interest, Juanloan and relying on cabinet, etc. This paper tries to outline the development framework of relief loans in Song Dynasty, and make an objective evaluation of the status and function of relief loans in Song Dynasty.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学历史学院;
【分类号】：K244;F129

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