天目山隧道掘进粉尘监测与人员急性中毒原因分析

发布时间：2018-04-12 19:49

  本文选题：天目山隧道 + 急性中毒　； 参考：《隧道建设》2017年05期

【摘要】：天目山隧道施工过程中,作业人员出现眼睛红肿及皮肤红肿、脱落等急性中毒症状。为探明急性中毒原因,通过监测隧道内粉尘体积质量变化、分析粉尘化学组分,辨识出引起中毒的有害物质。经检测发现,爆破后以2 274 m~3/min的风量通风10 min,作业区的粉尘体积质量可降低至接触限值(1 mg/m~3)以下;超前小导管钻孔时,作业区的粉尘体积质量为接触限值的56倍,作业人员会出现显著的急性中毒现象。另外,天目山隧道粉尘中钒、镍、锰和铬的含量以及围岩中砷、铜、铬、镍和钒的含量均较高,特别是急性中毒发生时隧道空气中钒和砷的体积质量最高,作业人员的症状与钒、砷的中毒诊断标准相符。可以判断,隧道作业人员急性中毒主要由以钒和砷为主的粉尘所致。
[Abstract]:During the construction of Tianmushan tunnel, acute poisoning symptoms such as eye redness and skin swelling, exfoliation and so on appeared.In order to find out the cause of acute poisoning, through monitoring the change of dust volume and mass in tunnel, analyzing the chemical components of dust, the harmful substances causing poisoning were identified.Acute poisoning occurs in workers.In addition, the contents of vanadium, nickel, manganese and chromium in the dust of Tianmushan tunnel and the contents of arsenic, copper, chromium, nickel and vanadium in surrounding rock are all higher, especially the volume mass of vanadium and arsenic in tunnel air is the highest when acute poisoning occurs.The symptoms of workers are consistent with the diagnostic criteria of vanadium and arsenic poisoning.It can be judged that acute poisoning of tunnel workers is mainly caused by vanadium and arsenic dust.
【作者单位】： 中铁隧道集团有限公司杭州公司;中国计量大学;杭州万向职业技术学院;浙江大学;
【分类号】：U456.33
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本文编号：1741171