改良赤泥固化体用于道路基层材料的研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 06:13

本文选题：赤泥 + 硅灰　；参考：《河南科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：污染性固体废渣赤泥是随着制铝工业提取氧化铝的过程中排出的,每生产1吨氧化铝,附带产生的赤泥是其1.0~2.0倍。中国作为世界第4大氧化铝生产国,每年排放的赤泥高达数百万吨。目前赤泥的处理方式仍然是传统上的建库堆存,大量的赤泥不仅占用良田,而且赤泥中的碱性成分的渗漏对水质及土壤均可造成污染,使土地碱化,引起环境问题。本文将大量堆弃无用的工业废弃物赤泥制备成无害的道路基层材料,不会带来附加的污染,能有效缓解赤泥堆场带来的环境问题。在此过程中赤泥资源化利用也保护和节约了其他资源。赤泥路基化应用是赤泥应用的一个很好的途径,具有广阔的市场前景,是环保与基础建设的完美结合。本研究选用河南香江万基铝业尾矿库赤泥为试验材料,分别添加不同量的添加剂(硅灰、膨润土和硅藻土)和固化剂(水泥、粉煤灰),设计不同的配合比进行试验,监测赤泥固化体早期抗压强度和浸出液的p H值、含氟量及内部结构,找到了添加剂(硅灰、膨润土和硅藻土)与固化剂(水泥、粉煤灰)最优化配比范围:水泥加入量为10%~20%,粉煤灰5%~15%,硅灰5%~15%,膨润土20%~40%,硅藻土20%~40%。这一配比范围不仅在工程上能满足道路基层技术要求,而且通过分别加入硅灰、膨润土和硅藻土减小了传统固化剂水泥和粉煤灰的用量,使得赤泥固化体浸出液的碱性和含氟量较出厂赤泥下降了90%以上。与传统的二灰法(石灰、粉煤灰)固化技术相比,本研究的创新之处在于引入具有改善赤泥固化体理化性质的添加剂,一方面在一定程度上减小了传统固化剂的用量,另一方面由于添加剂(硅灰、膨润土和硅藻土)颗粒极细,加入赤泥中,提高了固化赤泥基层材料的强度,也提高了赤泥固化基层的防水性,抗渗性,平整度,同时延长了道路的养护周期。
[Abstract]:The red mud of contaminated solid waste residue is discharged with the process of extracting alumina from aluminium making industry. For every ton of alumina produced, the amount of red mud produced is 2.0 times as much as that of 1.0%. China, the world's fourth largest producer of alumina, emits millions of tons of red mud every year. At present, the treatment of red mud is still the traditional storage, a large number of red mud not only occupy good land, but also the leakage of alkaline components in red mud can cause pollution to water quality and soil, make the soil alkaline, cause environmental problems. In this paper, a large amount of waste industrial waste red mud is prepared into harmless road base material, which will not bring additional pollution and can effectively alleviate the environmental problems caused by red mud dump. In this process, the utilization of red mud also protects and saves other resources. The application of red mud subgrade is a good way to apply red mud. It has a broad market prospect and is a perfect combination of environmental protection and infrastructure construction. In this study, the red mud of Wanji aluminum tailings reservoir in Xiangjiang, Henan Province was selected as the experimental material, and different additives (silica fume, bentonite and diatomite) and curing agent (cement, fly ash) were added respectively to design different mix ratio to carry on the experiment. The early compressive strength and pH value of leaching solution, fluorine content and internal structure of red mud solidified body were monitored. Additives (silica fume, bentonite and diatomite) and curing agent (cement) were found. (fly ash) the optimum ratio range: cement 10% 20, fly ash 5% 15, silica ash 5 15, bentonite 20 + 40, diatomite 20 + 40. This ratio can not only meet the technical requirements of road base in engineering, but also reduce the amount of cement and fly ash by adding silica fume, bentonite and diatomite, respectively. The alkalinity and fluorine content of the red mud solidified leachate decreased by more than 90% compared with that of the red mud. Compared with the traditional lime-fly ash curing technology, the innovation of this study lies in the introduction of additives that can improve the physical and chemical properties of the red mud solidified body. On the one hand, the amount of the traditional curing agent is reduced to a certain extent. On the other hand, because the particles of additives (silica fume, bentonite and diatomite) are very fine, adding red mud to the red mud improves the strength of the cured red mud base material, and also improves the waterproof, impermeability and smoothness of the red mud curing base. At the same time, the maintenance cycle of the road is extended.
【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U416.2;U414

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