时变条件下危险废弃物运输路径优化问题研究

发布时间：2018-10-23 17:17

【摘要】：危险废弃物是指在经济活动中失去使用价值,但由于在运输、处理、储存等环节如果处理不当,会威胁到人类健康,造成环境污染,而需要进行特殊管理的废弃物。各个国家加强对危险废弃物的管理,确保危险废弃物回收的安全性。目前,公认的降低风险的重要措施是进行路径优化,通过合理有效的路径优化,降低运输路段发生事故的频率,将事故影响后果降到最低。国内外学者对危险废弃物进行了大量的研究,并考虑到危险废弃物实际运输中风险具有时变性,因此本课题主要内容有：对危险废弃物和风险相关理论分析,总结了现有风险度量模型以及风险三大公理,在相关概念和理论研究基础上,对危险废弃物运输进行分析。构建时间因素影响下的事故频率,结合修正系数、运输时间及事故影响后果的两种表现形式,建立时变条件下的人员和环境风险度量模型,并且验证建立的模型满足风险的三个公理。在风险度量模型基础上,建立时变条件下考虑风险和成本的多目标最短路问题模型,并给出求解方法,分析表明最短路具有时变性,并受决策者偏好的影响。考虑到受经济和政策等因素的影响,对路径既定下危险废弃物运输问题进行分析,建立路径既定下,考虑时间因素影响的运输问题的模型,给出求解方法,并分别从静态和动态两种状态对案例进行分析,验证了模型有效性。对动态网络中,时变条件下危险废弃物路径问题进行研究,较之静态网络的路径问题,更贴合实际。在时变条件下的风险度量模型基础上,对两种情况下危险废弃物运输问题进行研究,应用更加广泛,具有现实意义。对论文的主要研究成果进行说明,并针对论文中存在的不足之处,指出下一步可能的研究方向。
[Abstract]:Hazardous wastes are wastes that lose use value in economic activities, but because of improper handling in transportation, treatment, storage and other links, it will threaten human health and cause environmental pollution, and need special management. All countries strengthen the management of hazardous wastes to ensure the safety of hazardous waste recovery. At present, it is recognized that the most important measure to reduce the risk is to optimize the route, reduce the frequency of accidents and minimize the consequences of accidents through reasonable and effective route optimization. Scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research on hazardous waste, and considering that the risk is time-varying in the actual transportation of hazardous waste, the main contents of this subject are: the theoretical analysis of hazardous waste and risk. This paper summarizes the existing risk measurement models and three axioms of risk, and analyzes the transportation of hazardous wastes on the basis of related concepts and theories. The accident frequency under the influence of time factor is constructed, and the measurement model of personnel and environment risk under time-varying condition is established by combining the two forms of correction coefficient, transportation time and accident effect consequence. And verify that the established model satisfies the three axioms of risk. Based on the risk measurement model, a multi-objective shortest path model considering risk and cost under time-varying conditions is established, and the solution method is given. The analysis shows that the shortest path is time-varying and influenced by the preference of decision makers. Considering the influence of economic and policy factors, this paper analyzes the transportation problem of hazardous wastes under the established route, establishes the model of transportation problem under the fixed path and considering the influence of time factors, and gives the solution method. Cases are analyzed from static and dynamic states to verify the validity of the model. The path problem of hazardous wastes in dynamic networks under time-varying conditions is more practical than that of static networks. On the basis of the risk measurement model under time-varying conditions, the study on the transportation of hazardous wastes under two conditions is more widely used and has practical significance. The main research results of this paper are explained, and the possible research directions are pointed out in view of the shortcomings of the paper.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U16;U116.2

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