高速公路交通流控制及二次事故预警技术研究

发布时间：2018-12-17 14:15

【摘要】：高速公路交通需求的日益增长使得部分路段尤其瓶颈区域变得更加拥堵,进而使受影响的车辆面临更大的交通安全风险。同时,近年来高速公路事故增长趋势不容乐观,高速公路发生事故时会对交通运行环境尤其是路段通行能力造成一定的影响,如果驾驶员处置不当或是交通环境的急剧变化等因素导致二次事故的发生,则会扩大交通事故的影响范围及严重程度,造成的后果难以估量。因此,本文首先在考虑分析高速公路交通流的基础上,根据路侧交通信息采集设备提供的交通流数据,将高速公路分段管理,建立动态控制单元,提出交通流控制模型,以期望能够达到降低路段车速离散率和缓解交通拥挤的目的,同时减少道路车流密度不均匀所带来的交通安全风险。以济青高速某路段为研究对象,基于VISSIM仿真平台,以路段行程时间为指标,验证了模型控制的有效性,且交通流量越大,控制效果越明显。本文从高速公路二次事故致因理论及常态下一次事故预警的角度出发,提出预警指标的测算方法和警限区间的设定方法,建立了高速公路二次事故预警指标体系;文中采用BP神经网络对二次事故进行分级预警,最后提出不同预警等级下的交通管理策略。
[Abstract]:The increasing demand for expressway traffic makes some sections especially bottleneck areas become more congested, which makes the affected vehicles face greater traffic safety risks. At the same time, the increasing trend of expressway accidents in recent years is not optimistic. When the expressway accidents occur, it will have a certain impact on the traffic running environment, especially on the capacity of road sections. If the driver is not disposed of properly or the traffic environment changes rapidly, it will enlarge the influence range and the severity of the traffic accident, and the consequences will be incalculable. Therefore, based on the analysis of expressway traffic flow and traffic flow data provided by highway traffic information collection equipment, this paper establishes the dynamic control unit and puts forward the traffic flow control model. In order to reduce the speed dispersion and reduce the traffic congestion, and reduce the traffic safety risk caused by uneven traffic density. Taking a section of Ji-Qing Expressway as the research object, based on the VISSIM simulation platform, and taking the travel time of the section as the index, the validity of the model control is verified, and the larger the traffic flow, the more obvious the control effect is. Based on the theory of the cause of the secondary accidents in expressway and the early warning of the next normal accident, this paper puts forward the calculation method of the early warning index and the setting method of the warning limit interval, and establishes the early warning index system of the expressway secondary accident. In this paper, BP neural network is used to predict the secondary accidents. Finally, traffic management strategies under different warning levels are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

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