微囊藻毒素对几株水生细菌的影响

发布时间：2018-05-12 15:55

本文选题：蓝藻水华 + 微囊藻毒素　；参考：《黑龙江大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：蓝藻水华已经成为人类所关注的重要环境问题之一。在最近的几十年里,我国的湖泊生态系统受到损害,水体质量有所下降,对我国经济的发展起到了一定的制约作用。藻类毒素的产生是蓝藻水华带来的主要危害之一,世界上25%～75%的蓝藻水华都会产生藻毒素。在水体中,微生物是最容易受环境变化影响最为敏感的生物类群,藻毒素的产生会影响它们对水体中污染物的降解和转化能力。本试验以取自黑龙江省哈尔滨市东流松花江中段的水体样本和微囊藻毒素(MC-LR)为研究对象,利用选择性培养基对水体样本中的细菌进行筛选,共筛出13株细菌菌株,用牛津杯法测定所筛选菌株对藻毒素的敏感程度,获得对毒素敏感度高的7种菌株。通过形态学结合分子生物学鉴定得出：4株为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus sp.)、2株为奈瑟氏球菌属(Neisseria sp.)、1株为埃希氏杆菌属(Escherichiasp.)。将菌株与不同浓度的毒素进行培养,在加入毒素浓度为1 mg/L时,菌株体内可溶性糖含量下降了1.98%～18.21%、可溶性蛋白含量下降了17.44%～52.56%、POD活性下降了1.01%～18.92%、SOD活性下降了4.84%～11.76%、CAT活性降低了6.5%～9.57%；加入毒素浓度为5 mg/L时,菌株体内可溶性糖含量下降了7.41%～26.14%、可溶性蛋白含量下降了34.88%～75.64%、POD活性有所升高,升高了3.08%～17.85%、SOD活性升高了70.42%～93.54%、CAT活性升高了10.13%～19.37%；加入毒素浓度为10 mg/L时,菌株体内可溶性糖含量下降了12.87%～36.47%、可溶性蛋白含量下降了46.67%～83.33%、POD活性升高了0.69%～36.92%、SOD活性下降了1.4%～14.75%、CAT活性升高了18.94%-49.7%。项目的研究结果为今后深入研究藻毒素对水生细菌的影响奠定相关的基础,同时也为预警与治理蓝藻水华污染、生态系统的恢复奠定理论基础。
[Abstract]:Cyanobacteria Shui Hua has become one of the most important environmental problems. In recent decades, the lake ecosystem in China has been damaged and the water quality has declined, which has restricted the development of our country's economy. The production of algal toxin is one of the main hazards caused by cyanobacteria Shui Hua. 25% of cyanobacteria Shui Hua can produce algal toxin in the world. In water, microorganisms are the most susceptible to environmental changes, and the production of algal toxins will affect their ability to degrade and transform pollutants in water. In this experiment, the water samples and microcystin MC-LRs from the middle part of Dongliu Songhua River in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, were used to screen the bacteria in the water samples, and 13 strains of bacteria were screened out. The sensitivity of the selected strains to phycotoxins was determined by Oxford Cup method, and 7 strains with high sensitivity to the toxins were obtained. The results of morphological and molecular biological identification showed that the four strains were Bacillus sp. and 2 strains were Neisseria sp. and 1 strain was Escherichia coli. The strain was cultured with different concentrations of toxin. When the concentration of toxin was 1 mg/L, The soluble sugar content in the strain decreased by 1.98% and 18.21%, the soluble protein content decreased by 17.44% and the activity of 52.56% POD decreased by 1.01% and 18.92%. The activity of SOD decreased by 4.84%, 11.76%, and the cat activity decreased by 6.5% and 9.57%; when the toxin concentration was 5 mg/L, the activity of SOD decreased. The content of soluble sugar in the strain decreased by 7.41%, the content of soluble protein decreased by 34.88%, and the activity of POD increased, and the activity of SOD increased by 3.08% and 17.85%, and the activity of SOD increased by 70.42% and 93.545.54%, and the activity of cat increased by 10.13% and 19.37% respectively. When the toxin concentration was 10 mg/L, the activity of SOD was increased. The soluble sugar content in the strain decreased by 12.87% and the soluble protein content decreased by 46.67%. The activity of POD increased by 0.69% and 36.92%. The activity of SOD decreased by 1.4% and 14.75%. The cat activity increased by 18.94-49.7%. The results of the project lay a foundation for further study on the effects of algal toxins on aquatic bacteria, as well as for early warning and control of Shui Hua pollution of cyanobacteria and restoration of ecosystem.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X52

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