短期酸化对新安江流域屯溪段水体浮游植物群落结构及多样性的影响

发布时间：2018-08-15 16:44

【摘要】：为了探讨酸雨引起的水体酸化对新安江流域屯溪段浮游植物群落结构、丰度以及多样性的影响,对该流域3个采样站点以及流域附近一小型人工湖泊内浮游植物(同源性不同)进行调查并模拟酸胁迫(p H值4.50、5.65)处理。经酸化处理24 h后,各采样站点浮游植物与未经模拟酸雨处理的对照组相比种类及丰度呈降低趋势;较低p H值下(4.50)金藻门、黄藻门种类消失,优势种类硅藻门和绿藻门浮游植物受到的影响较大,种属数降低范围为0%~75%和27.3%~79.2%,蓝藻门受影响较小,裸藻门、甲藻门种属数未受影响;整体上各站点辛普森多样性指数、香农-维纳指数经酸化处理后均呈降低趋势。水体酸化对浮游植物种类与丰度的抑制效应在高NH3-N和总磷水平下较小。研究结果表明,不同门类浮游植物对酸胁迫的敏感性有较大差异,群落组成不同的水体,短期酸化处理都会显著改变浮游植物群落结构、降低浮游植物丰度以及多样性。作为长期受酸雨胁迫较为严重的地区,酸雨引起的水体酸化将可能成为影响新安江流域浮游植物群落结构的重要因子。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effects of acidification caused by acid rain on the structure, abundance and diversity of phytoplankton community in Tunxi section of Xin'an River Basin, Three sampling stations and phytoplankton (with different homology) in a small artificial lake near the watershed were investigated and treated with simulated acid stress (p H 4.50 ~ 5.65). After acidizing treatment for 24 h, the species and abundance of phytoplankton in each sampling station decreased compared with the control group without simulated acid rain, and the phylum xanthophyta disappeared at lower pH value (4.50). The dominant species diatom and Chlorophyta phytoplankton were affected greatly, the number of species decreased by 75% and 27.3% and 79.2% respectively, the blue algae phylum was less affected, and the number of species and genera of Phaeophyta and Pyrenoidophyta were not affected, and the Simpson diversity index of all stations was not affected. The Shannon-Wiener index decreased after acidification. The inhibition effect of water acidification on phytoplankton species and abundance was small at high NH3-N and total phosphorus levels. The results showed that the sensitivity of phytoplankton to acid stress was different in different species. The short-term acidification treatment could significantly change the structure of phytoplankton community and reduce the abundance and diversity of phytoplankton. Acidification caused by acid rain may be an important factor affecting phytoplankton community structure in Xinanjiang River Basin.
【作者单位】：黄山学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学青年基金项目(31600317) 安徽省自然科学基金青年项目(1508085QC67) 安徽省教育厅高校人文社科研究项目重点(非遗基地)(SK2016A0885) 黄山学院博士启动项目(2014xkjq002) 安徽省大学生创新创业项目(AH2014103753126,201510375021)
【分类号】：X52;X173

【相似文献】