大跨度浅埋隧道下穿文保建筑群爆破减震技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 00:30

本文关键词：大跨度浅埋隧道下穿文保建筑群爆破减震技术研究　出处：《合肥工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：爆破技术不只是被用于开山采矿业，同样在隧道、地铁、公路、大坝等土木工程项目中得到广泛应用。我国的铁路交通事业发展越来越快，城市轨道交通已然成为大城市的发展趋势。从工艺技术和经济技术两方面考虑，硬岩地区地铁隧道开挖选择钻爆法开挖最为合理，但是隧道爆破产生的地震效应会对地表建筑造成危害。因此，正确处理爆破震动控制与工程效率之间的矛盾，己成为隧道爆破施工的关键问题之一。本文依托青岛地铁青岛火车站至人民会堂站下穿文保建筑群隧道掘进爆破工程为背景。青人区间上方两侧保存了大量德占时期的文保建筑，历史大多是在一百年左右。这些文保建筑大都年久失修，抗震等级低，因此对爆破震动控制要求较为严格。通过理论分析与现场试验相结合，对现场监测数据进行分析，不断修改爆破参数，制定合理安全的爆破计划，以确保地铁隧道安全下穿文保建筑群。在大量爆破试验和监测数据的基础上，结合数值模拟研究爆破地震波衰减规律及综合减震措施的减震效果，主要进行了以下几个方面工作： (1)对这些文保建筑进行鉴定评估，根据国内外爆破震动控制安全标准，结合青岛实际施工环境，制定相应的爆破振速安全标准； (2)进行现场爆破振动测试，并实时监测地表振动速度。对监测数据进行回归分析，得出青人区间隧道岩层的萨道夫斯基公式的K、 α值，得到隧道开挖过程中爆破震动在岩层中的传播规律； (3)为确保隧道安全下穿文保建筑群，通过现场试验确定合理的减震爆破方法，并在实际下穿文保建筑时，，认真做好地面振动速度数据的实时监测； (4)采用显式动力分析有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA3D对实际隧道爆破工程中的掏槽及周围掌子面爆破进行数值模拟，进行爆破振动速度的时程分析，评价爆破方案的安全性。
[Abstract]:Blasting technology is not only used in mining, but also widely used in tunnel, subway, highway, dam and other civil engineering projects. Urban rail transit has become a trend of development in large cities. Considering both technology and economy, drilling and blasting method is the most reasonable method to excavate subway tunnels in hard rock area. However, the seismic effect caused by tunnel blasting will cause harm to surface buildings. Therefore, correctly handling the contradiction between blasting vibration control and engineering efficiency has become one of the key problems in tunnel blasting construction. This paper relies on Qingdao Metro Qingdao Railway Station to the people's Hall Station under the civil insurance construction group tunneling blasting engineering. The top of the Qingren section on both sides of the preservation of a large number of German occupation period of civil insurance buildings. Most of the history is about a hundred years. Most of these buildings are in disrepair and low seismic grade, so the control of blasting vibration is very strict. Through the combination of theoretical analysis and field test, the field monitoring data are analyzed, the blasting parameters are constantly modified, and a reasonable and safe blasting plan is worked out. In order to ensure the safety of subway tunnel through civil and protective buildings. On the basis of a large number of blasting test and monitoring data, combined with numerical simulation, the attenuation law of blasting seismic wave and the effect of comprehensive damping measures are studied. The main work has been done in the following areas: 1) appraising and evaluating these civil insurance buildings, according to the safety standards of blasting vibration control at home and abroad and combining with the actual construction environment in Qingdao, the corresponding safety standards of blasting vibration speed are worked out. The field blasting vibration test and the real time monitoring of the surface vibration velocity are carried out. By regression analysis of the monitoring data, the value K, 伪 of the Sadolski formula of the rock strata of the Qingren tunnel is obtained. The propagation law of blasting vibration in rock strata during tunnel excavation is obtained. (3) in order to ensure the safety of the tunnel, the reasonable blasting method is determined by field test, and the real time monitoring of ground vibration velocity data is done carefully when the civil protection building is passed through in practice. 4) numerical simulation of cutting blasting and surrounding face blasting in actual tunnel blasting engineering is carried out by using explicit dynamic analysis finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA3D. The time history analysis of blasting vibration velocity is carried out to evaluate the safety of blasting scheme.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U455.6;TU-87

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