地铁长区间隧道火灾通风模式与排烟研究

发布时间：2018-01-14 02:17

本文关键词：地铁长区间隧道火灾通风模式与排烟研究　出处：《西安建筑科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前针对地铁区间隧道火灾的研究较多，发生火灾时大多数研究对象为只有一列列车滞留在区间隧道中，而对于地铁长区间隧道中发生火灾时有两辆或多辆列车同时在该区间隧道运行的研究比较少见。通常地铁长区间隧道采用设置中间竖井的方式，将长区间分隔成两个或几个短区间，通过通风竖井将着火列车隔离在独立的通风区间内，控制每个短区间隧道中只有一列列车滞留，此时火灾区间段的烟控模式与标准区间隧道相同。本文主要研究在地铁长区间隧道设置中间竖井方式下，中部着火的列车停在竖井处时火灾烟气的流动特性。本文主要的工作和研究结果如下：（1）根据弗诺德相似准则，建立由区间隧道和不同高度竖井组成的1:10局部地铁区间隧道实验模型。利用电子秤测试三种不同尺寸油盘的质量损失率，并计算出对应的火源强度，记录火灾时隧道内温度分布和CO浓度分布数据。（2）研究烟气自然填充时，不同火源强度和不同竖井高度下，隧道内的顶棚温度分布、人眼特征高度处（距疏散平台高度1.7m，，距轨底高度2.75m）温度分布和CO浓度分布规律。火源强度一定时，研究不用纵向通风速度和竖井排烟速度下，隧道内的顶棚温度分布、人眼特征高度处温度分布和CO浓度分布规律。（3）利用FDS软件建立与实验台对应的全尺寸隧道模型，对隧道内的温度分布和CO浓度分布进行对比分析。（4）利用FDS软件建立180m长全尺寸地铁区间隧道模型。通过数值模拟分别研究烟气在自然填充和机械纵向通风下烟气的蔓延规律、顶棚温度分布、人眼特征高度处温度分布、CO浓度分布和能见度分布。
[Abstract]:At present, there are many researches on the subway tunnel fire, most of the research objects are only one train stranded in the interval tunnel when the fire occurs. However, it is rare to study that there are two or more trains running in the tunnel at the same time when there is a fire in the long interval tunnel. Usually, the way of setting middle shaft is used in the long interval tunnel. The long section is separated into two or several short sections, and the fire train is isolated in a separate ventilation section through the ventilation shaft, and only one train is detained in each short section tunnel. The smoke control mode of the fire section is the same as that of the standard section tunnel. The flow characteristics of fire smoke when the train on fire stops at the shaft. The main work and results of this paper are as follows: 1) based on the Vernon similarity criterion, an experimental model of 1:10 local subway tunnel consisting of interval tunnel and shaft with different height is established. The mass loss rate of three kinds of oil trays with different sizes is measured by electronic scale. The corresponding fire intensity was calculated and the temperature distribution and CO concentration distribution data were recorded. 2) when the smoke is filled naturally, the temperature distribution of the roof and the height of the human eye (1.7 m from the evacuation platform) in the tunnel under different fire source intensity and different shaft height are studied. The temperature distribution and CO concentration distribution law from the rail bottom height is 2.75 m). When the fire source intensity is constant, the temperature distribution of the roof in the tunnel is studied without longitudinal ventilation speed and smoke exhaust velocity of the shaft. Temperature distribution and CO concentration distribution at the characteristic height of human eye. (3) the full-scale tunnel model corresponding to the test bench was established by using FDS software, and the temperature distribution and CO concentration distribution in the tunnel were compared and analyzed. (4) the model of 180m long full-size subway tunnel is established by using FDS software. Through numerical simulation, the spread law of flue gas under natural filling and mechanical longitudinal ventilation is studied, and the temperature distribution of roof is also studied. Temperature distribution, CO concentration distribution and visibility distribution at the characteristic height of the human eye.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U231.96;U458

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