城市公交清障救援服务点布局选址研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 22:09

本文选题：城市公交　切入点：清障救援　出处：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：如今社会经济的迅猛增长,造就了交通事业的飞速发展,但在发展的同时也伴随着越来越多的问题,如交通拥堵、交通安全问题屡见不鲜。大力发展城市公共交通是解决此类问题的最有效方法之一,因此关于城市公交的研究和发展越来越受瞩目。然而,公交运行不可避免的会出现故障或引发事故,不仅威胁了乘客的生命财产安全,也影响公交运营效益,同时对于交通压力大的城市而言,会造成一定程度的交通拥堵,甚至引发二次事故。为了最大程度的减少公交车故障或事件所带来的负面影响,应有合理的公交应急制度、方案、配备设施及管理。为此,本文以提高城市公交清障抢修救援效率以及缓解公交故障或事故导致的交通混乱和交通拥堵为目的,通过分析城市公交清障救援的现状问题,综合分析技术、经济和社会各方面的因素,提出建立针对公交的清障救援运行机制以及城市公交清障救援点的决策性建议,并着重对网络化的公交清障救援站设置进行优化研究。本文通过总结选址理论的一些应用研究,对比常用的确定型选址模型：位置集合覆盖、最大覆盖、P-中值、P-中心等几个经典选址模型,并分析网络化的城市公交清障救援点布局选址的不同之处(如应急路网的路段权重、节点权重、候选点选择等),将影响城市公交清障救援点布局的因素量化为具体指标考虑到具体的选址建模中,从而给出网络化的城市公交清障救援站设置理论研究。最终,考虑实际(经济、技术等)建立了集合覆盖模型和最大覆盖模型联合应用的两阶段层级选址问题,初步解决了多个应急点选址问题。并通过实例,得出不同响应时间的下的城市公交清障救援点布局,为决策者提供参考建议。并且,算例表明该理论在解决城市道路领域多个服务点选址问题的可行性,为决策者确定服务点选址方案提供依据。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the rapid growth of social economy has created the rapid development of transportation, but at the same time, there are also more and more problems, such as traffic congestion. Traffic safety problems are not uncommon. Vigorously developing urban public transport is one of the most effective methods to solve such problems. Therefore, the research and development of urban public transport are attracting more and more attention. It is inevitable that the operation of public transportation will break down or cause accidents, which will not only threaten the safety of passengers' lives and property, but also affect the efficiency of public transport operation. At the same time, it will cause a certain degree of traffic congestion for cities with heavy traffic pressure. It even caused a second accident. In order to minimize the negative impact of bus failures or incidents, there should be a reasonable bus emergency system, scheme, facilities and management. The purpose of this paper is to improve the efficiency of emergency repair and repair for urban public transportation, and to alleviate the traffic chaos and traffic congestion caused by public transport failure or accident. Based on the economic and social factors, this paper puts forward some suggestions for establishing the operation mechanism of obstacle clearing and rescue for public transport and the decision making for the rescue point of public transportation in the city, and puts emphasis on the optimization of the setting up of the public transportation obstacle clearing rescue station based on network. In this paper, by summing up some applied research of site selection theory, we compare several classical location models, such as location set coverage, maximum coverage P- median P- center, and so on. This paper also analyzes the different layout and location of the network public transportation rescue points (such as the road weight of emergency road network, the weight of nodes, etc.). The selection of candidate points and so on, quantifies the factors that affect the layout of public transportation obstacle clearing rescue points as specific indexes and takes specific location modeling into account, and then gives the theoretical research on the setting up of urban public transportation obstacle clearing rescue stations based on network. Considering the actual (economy, technology, etc.), the two-stage hierarchical location problem of the combined application of the set coverage model and the maximum coverage model is established, and the problem of multiple emergency location points is preliminarily solved. The layout of obstacle clearing and rescue points for urban public transportation with different response time is obtained, and the reference suggestions are provided for decision makers. Furthermore, an example is given to illustrate the feasibility of the theory in solving the problem of location of multiple service points in the field of urban roads. It provides a basis for decision makers to determine the location of service points.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.17

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