基于城市缓堵的定制商务班车发展趋势研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 15:55

本文选题：交通拥堵 + 节能环保　；参考：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国国民经济的发展和城镇化的快速推进，我国机动化水平明显上升。由于大多城市在扩张过程中走了摊大饼的方式，导致城市居民的住宿和工作分离的现象，客观上增加了通勤需求。另一方面，私家车出行的比重在经历了大幅攀升后，轿车保有量仍然在快速增长，使得城市道路利用率低，城市交通已经不堪重负。恶劣的交通环境使得燃油浪费、环境污染等问题受到广泛的关注。为解决城市交通问题，各大城市尝试了限购、限行、提高停车费用、扩大交通供给等多种强制性的引导措施，但是从效果来看，没有一种措施真正从根本上解决城市交通拥堵问题。本文通过对北京天通苑通勤快车调研数据的分析，可以看出公共交通对私家车主缺乏吸引力，最主要的原因在于乘车环境不能令其满意。所以，为了满足乘客多元化的乘车需求，出现了介于城市客车和出租车之间的通勤方式——定制商务班车。通过对北京市定制商务班车的多次实地调研，定制商务班车一人一座，一站直达的特点对私家车主有着较强的吸引力；区别于普通公交来定价，使得公交公司在定制商务班车的发展中积极响应。此外，广州和深圳等一线城市，济南和青岛等二线城市也在定制商务班车领域做出积极的尝试。定制商务班车自北京推广以来，短时间内线路发展迅速，在缓解交通拥堵、节能环保、减小停车位压力和降低交通事故风险等方面效果显著。由于定制商务班车特有的运营方式，使得其既区别于普通公交车，又区别于公路客车，需要重新的定位和设计。本文针对定制商务班车的运营特点，为新车型的开发提出了基本的原则。结合北京已开通线路的调研数据，分析了定制商务班车乘客的真实需求，为新车型的研发提供数据支撑。本文还针对纯电动客车的特点进行分析，，结合客车市场形势，得到纯电动客车符合定制商务班车运营特点的结论，提出定制商务班车是纯电动客车新的市场切入点的思路。
[Abstract]:With the development of our national economy and the rapid development of urbanization, the level of motorization in China has risen obviously. Because most cities have adopted the way of spreading cake in the process of expansion, it leads to the separation of accommodation and work of urban residents, which objectively increases the demand for commuting. On the other hand, the proportion of private car travel after a large increase, car ownership is still growing rapidly, making the urban road utilization ratio is low, urban traffic has been overwhelmed. The bad traffic environment causes the fuel waste, the environmental pollution and so on to receive the widespread attention. In order to solve urban traffic problems, major cities have tried to limit purchases, limit traffic, increase parking fees, expand traffic supply and other mandatory guiding measures, but from the effect point of view, None of the measures really solve the problem of urban traffic congestion fundamentally. Based on the analysis of the data of Beijing Tiantong Yuan commuter express, it can be seen that public transport is not attractive to private car owners, and the main reason is that the driving environment is not satisfactory to them. Therefore, in order to meet the diversified passenger demand, there is a commute between city bus and taxi-custom business bus. Through a number of field investigations on customized commercial buses in Beijing, the characteristics of custom-made commercial buses with one passenger and one stop have a strong appeal to private car owners; different from ordinary public transport, they are priced. So that bus companies in the development of customized commercial bus in the positive response. In addition, Guangzhou and Shenzhen and other cities, Jinan and Qingdao, such as second-tier cities in the field of customized commercial bus to make an active attempt. Since it was popularized in Beijing, the custom commercial bus has developed rapidly in a short period of time. It has a remarkable effect in alleviating traffic congestion, saving energy and environmental protection, reducing parking space pressure and reducing the risk of traffic accidents. Because of the special operation mode of the custom commercial bus, it is different from the ordinary bus and the highway bus, so it needs to be reoriented and designed. This paper puts forward the basic principles for the development of new models according to the operating characteristics of custom commercial bus. Based on the survey data of Beijing line, this paper analyzes the real demand of custom-made commercial bus passengers, and provides data support for the development of new models. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of pure electric bus and combined with the market situation of the bus, the conclusion that the pure electric bus accords with the operating characteristics of the custom commercial bus is obtained, and the train of thought that the customized commercial bus is a new market entry point for pure electric bus is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491;U492.43

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