基于磁阻传感器的雾区智能行车诱导系统设计

发布时间：2018-05-08 17:01

本文选题：高速公路 + 雾区智能行车诱导系统　；参考：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：雾天对行车最大的影响就是能见度低，使驾驶员的视距变短，难以预测前方道路和车辆状况；另外，因雾水造成路面湿滑，车辆的制动性能变差，极易发生侧滑。高速公路因其车流量大、车速快、分隔行驶等特点，同向行驶车辆相撞的可能性大，易发生连环追尾特大交通事故，因此，大雾天气已经成为高速公路重大交通事故的最主要诱因之一。为了确保高速公路上的车辆在大雾等低能见度下的行车安全，需要在浓雾高发路段安装烟雾预报系统、安全诱导设施等。本文在分析现有技术和实施方案的基础上，提出了将基于磁阻传感器的车辆检测技术应用于雾区智能行车诱导系统中的设计方案。这种车辆检测技术是利用磁阻传感器对车辆经过时对地球磁场造成的磁异态进行检测，从而获得车辆的状态以及车速、车流量等交通状况，即实现实时监控道路车辆通行状况的功能，为智能行车诱导系统提供现场信息支持。本文设计的车辆检测系统主要由传感器节点和信号处理中心两部分组成。传感器节点埋设在被检测车道中央，通过霍尼韦尔HMC1052双轴磁阻传感器采集其检测范围内的磁场变化信息，经过STM32F103系列微控制器进行数据处理后获得车辆的状态信息，并将这些信息通过NRF905无线收发器发送给路边的信号处理主机；信号处理主机在正确接收数据后提取有效信息，进行车速、车流量等参数的计算，，然后与控制中心的控制策略作对比，选择合适的诱导方案通过诱导雾灯等装置实施行车诱导。通过模拟实验和现场测试分别对本设计进行了验证，测试结果表明本设计方案能够可靠、准确地检测路面上车辆的通行信息，在合适的诱导灯控制策略下可以满足雾区智能行车诱导系统的功能要求。而且该检测系统不易受外界环境干扰、尺寸小、安装维护方便、成本低，具有很强的实用性和广阔的发展空间。
[Abstract]:The maximum effect of foggy weather on traffic is that visibility is low , and the driver ' s sight distance becomes short , and it is difficult to predict the road and vehicle condition in front ;
In addition , due to the slippery road surface caused by fog , the braking performance of the vehicle is poor , and the side slip is extremely easy to occur . As the traffic flow is large , the vehicle speed is fast , the separation and running are easy to occur , the heavy fog weather has become one of the most important causes of major traffic accidents of the expressway . In order to ensure the traffic safety of the vehicles on the highway under the low visibility such as heavy fog and the like , a smoke forecast system and a safety induction facility are required to be installed in the heavy fog high - emission section .

On the basis of analyzing the prior art and the scheme , a design scheme of the vehicle detection technology based on the magneto - resistive sensor in the intelligent driving guidance system of the fog area is put forward , and the vehicle detection technology is used for detecting the magnetic anomaly caused by the earth magnetic field when the vehicle passes through the magnetic resistance sensor , so as to obtain the state of the vehicle and the traffic conditions such as vehicle speed and traffic flow , namely , the function of real - time monitoring the traffic condition of the road vehicle is realized , and the field information support is provided for the intelligent driving guidance system .

The vehicle detection system is mainly composed of two parts of sensor node and signal processing center , the sensor node is embedded in the center of the tested vehicle track , the magnetic field change information in the detection range is acquired through the Honeywell HMC1052 dual axis magnetic resistance sensor , the state information of the vehicle is obtained after data processing by the STM32F103 series microcontroller , and the information is sent to the signal processing host of the roadside by the NRF905 wireless transceiver ;
After receiving the data correctly , the signal processing host extracts the effective information , carries out the calculation of the parameters such as vehicle speed , traffic flow and the like , then compares the control strategy of the control center , and selects the appropriate induction scheme to carry out driving induction by means of inducing fog lamps and the like .

The test results show that the design scheme can reliably and accurately detect the traffic information of vehicles on the pavement , and can meet the functional requirements of the intelligent traffic guidance system in the fog area under the control strategy of the appropriate guidance lamp .

【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U495

【参考文献】