交通运输数据标准研究现状与发展
发布时间：2018-07-15 17:28
【摘要】：分析了中国交通运输数据标准的编制现状和管理现状,将交通运输数据标准分为管理标准、数据定义标准、交换标准和接口实现标准4类。分析了数据在产生、存储、交换以及应用环节的标准化需求,并与编制现状进行了对比分析。论述了交通运输数据标准管理和总体规划、数据定义、数据存储、数据交换和决策支持应用5方面的标准研究现状以及存在的不足。分析结果表明:当前标准管理和总体规划主要采用自下而上和标委会分别负责的模式,存在标准归口重叠和总体规划研究不足的问题。在数据定义标准方面,现有基础标准过于强调满足应用系统的需要,使得基础标准的基础性不足,造成数据定义标准缺乏体系。在数据存储方面,数据存储标准的研究制定尚属空白。在数据交换方面,各业务系统已经制定一些内部标准,但尚缺乏一种开放的、系统的共享和交换机制。在决策支持应用方面的研究缺乏针对准确数据、大数据的决策支持方法。建议成立交通信息基础性标准工作组,加强数据标准的总体规划研究并协调标委会之间的工作;在标准建设方面应加强顶层设计;同时应加强交通运输决策支持方法研究。
[Abstract]:This paper analyzes the current situation of the compilation and management of transport data standards in China, and classifies them into four categories: management standards, data definition standards, exchange standards and interface implementation standards. The standardization requirements of data generation, storage, exchange and application are analyzed. This paper discusses the current situation and shortcomings of the research on traffic data standard management and overall planning, data definition, data storage, data exchange and decision support application. The results show that the current standard management and overall planning mainly adopt the model of "bottom-up" and "Standard Committee" respectively, and there are some problems such as overlapping of standard focus and insufficient research on overall planning. In the aspect of data definition standards, the existing basic standards emphasize too much on meeting the needs of application systems, which makes the basic standards lack of basic standards, resulting in the lack of a system of data definition standards. In the aspect of data storage, the research of data storage standard is still blank. In the aspect of data exchange, each business system has established some internal standards, but there is still a lack of an open, systematic sharing and exchanging mechanism. The research on decision support application lacks the decision support method for accurate data and big data. It is suggested that a working group on basic standards of traffic information should be set up to strengthen the overall planning and study of data standards and coordinate the work between the bid committees, that the top-level design should be strengthened in the construction of standards, and that the research on the methods of decision support for traffic and transportation should be strengthened at the same time.
【作者单位】： 长安大学信息工程学院;
【基金】：交通运输部科技项目(2012 364 223 500) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CHD2011JC044)
【分类号】：U11
[Abstract]:This paper analyzes the current situation of the compilation and management of transport data standards in China, and classifies them into four categories: management standards, data definition standards, exchange standards and interface implementation standards. The standardization requirements of data generation, storage, exchange and application are analyzed. This paper discusses the current situation and shortcomings of the research on traffic data standard management and overall planning, data definition, data storage, data exchange and decision support application. The results show that the current standard management and overall planning mainly adopt the model of "bottom-up" and "Standard Committee" respectively, and there are some problems such as overlapping of standard focus and insufficient research on overall planning. In the aspect of data definition standards, the existing basic standards emphasize too much on meeting the needs of application systems, which makes the basic standards lack of basic standards, resulting in the lack of a system of data definition standards. In the aspect of data storage, the research of data storage standard is still blank. In the aspect of data exchange, each business system has established some internal standards, but there is still a lack of an open, systematic sharing and exchanging mechanism. The research on decision support application lacks the decision support method for accurate data and big data. It is suggested that a working group on basic standards of traffic information should be set up to strengthen the overall planning and study of data standards and coordinate the work between the bid committees, that the top-level design should be strengthened in the construction of standards, and that the research on the methods of decision support for traffic and transportation should be strengthened at the same time.
【作者单位】： 长安大学信息工程学院;
【基金】：交通运输部科技项目(2012 364 223 500) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CHD2011JC044)
【分类号】：U11
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