斜拉桥斜拉索表面状态对气动稳定性影响的试验研究
发布时间：2018-10-30 16:02
【摘要】：斜拉桥是由三种基本承载构件共同承载的组合体系桥,包括梁(桥面)、塔和两端分别锚固在梁和塔上的斜拉索,由于受力性能良好、结构造型多样、抗震能力强以及施工方法成熟等优点,而成为现代大跨度桥梁工程中发展最快、应用最广泛、最具有竞争力的桥型之一。但由于斜拉桥斜拉索的质量较轻,刚度和阻尼较小,并且长细比随着斜拉桥跨度的增大而增大,导致其振动的影响逐渐明显,桥梁结构的安全性受到了危害。其中风雨激振和干索驰振与传统的振动类型相比,振幅大、破坏性强,所以非常需要深入研究。本文为了从雷诺数效应的角度分析斜拉索干索驰振发生的机理,利用光滑的斜拉索模型和不同表面粗糙度的斜拉索模型改变雷诺数效应的大小和临界雷诺数的区域,在风洞中进行了刚性模型测振试验。首先,从整体上介绍了斜拉桥斜拉索风致振动的主要类型和研究背景,并对斜拉索在风场中的流动状态抽象为的圆柱体的二维绕流这一经典问题进行了总结。其次,通过流体的相似和模型制作方面论述了斜拉索测振风洞试验的可靠性,介绍了如何定量描述表面粗糙度,还详细记录了模型制作、模型安装、试验过程中所使用到的试验设备以及试验内容和各个工况的控制雷诺数及其步长等试验过程。最后,对光滑斜拉索模型和不同表面粗糙度斜拉索模型的试验结果加以分析,得到了斜拉索模型振动的振幅和平衡位置随雷诺数的变化规律。并以雷诺数效应的角度分析干索驰振发生的机理,在临界雷诺数区域,流场的流动特性和升力系数的改变可能是致使斜拉索大幅振动的原因。
[Abstract]:Cable-stayed bridge is a composite system bridge with three basic load-bearing components, including beam (deck), tower and cable anchoring on the beam and tower respectively. Because of its good mechanical performance, the cable-stayed bridge has a variety of structural shapes. With the advantages of strong seismic capacity and mature construction methods, it has become one of the fastest developing, most widely used and most competitive bridges in modern long-span bridge engineering. However, the cable mass of cable-stayed bridge is lighter, the stiffness and damping are smaller, and the aspect ratio increases with the increase of the span of the cable-stayed bridge, which leads to the effect of vibration becomes more and more obvious, and the safety of the bridge structure is jeopardized. Compared with the traditional vibration type, the wind-induced vibration and the dry cable vibration are of large amplitude and strong destructive, so it is very necessary to study deeply. In order to analyze the mechanism of cable-stayed cable galloping from the point of view of Reynolds number effect, the smooth cable model and the cable model with different surface roughness are used to change the range of Reynolds number effect and critical Reynolds number. A rigid model vibration measurement test was carried out in a wind tunnel. Firstly, the main types and research background of wind-induced vibration of cable in cable-stayed bridge are introduced, and the classical problem of two-dimensional flow around a cylinder abstracted by the flow state of stay cable in wind field is summarized. Secondly, the reliability of cable-stayed cable vibration measurement wind tunnel test is discussed in terms of fluid similarity and model making, and how to quantitatively describe the surface roughness is introduced, and the model making and installation are recorded in detail. The test equipment used in the test process, the test content, the control Reynolds number and the step size of each working condition, and so on. Finally, the experimental results of smooth cable model and cable model with different surface roughness are analyzed, and the variation of vibration amplitude and equilibrium position of cable model with Reynolds number is obtained. In the critical Reynolds number region, the change of flow characteristics and lift coefficient may be the cause of cable vibration.
【学位授予单位】：石家庄铁道大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U448.27
[Abstract]:Cable-stayed bridge is a composite system bridge with three basic load-bearing components, including beam (deck), tower and cable anchoring on the beam and tower respectively. Because of its good mechanical performance, the cable-stayed bridge has a variety of structural shapes. With the advantages of strong seismic capacity and mature construction methods, it has become one of the fastest developing, most widely used and most competitive bridges in modern long-span bridge engineering. However, the cable mass of cable-stayed bridge is lighter, the stiffness and damping are smaller, and the aspect ratio increases with the increase of the span of the cable-stayed bridge, which leads to the effect of vibration becomes more and more obvious, and the safety of the bridge structure is jeopardized. Compared with the traditional vibration type, the wind-induced vibration and the dry cable vibration are of large amplitude and strong destructive, so it is very necessary to study deeply. In order to analyze the mechanism of cable-stayed cable galloping from the point of view of Reynolds number effect, the smooth cable model and the cable model with different surface roughness are used to change the range of Reynolds number effect and critical Reynolds number. A rigid model vibration measurement test was carried out in a wind tunnel. Firstly, the main types and research background of wind-induced vibration of cable in cable-stayed bridge are introduced, and the classical problem of two-dimensional flow around a cylinder abstracted by the flow state of stay cable in wind field is summarized. Secondly, the reliability of cable-stayed cable vibration measurement wind tunnel test is discussed in terms of fluid similarity and model making, and how to quantitatively describe the surface roughness is introduced, and the model making and installation are recorded in detail. The test equipment used in the test process, the test content, the control Reynolds number and the step size of each working condition, and so on. Finally, the experimental results of smooth cable model and cable model with different surface roughness are analyzed, and the variation of vibration amplitude and equilibrium position of cable model with Reynolds number is obtained. In the critical Reynolds number region, the change of flow characteristics and lift coefficient may be the cause of cable vibration.
【学位授予单位】：石家庄铁道大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U448.27
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