弯道和截面因素对尾矿库溃坝泥浆流动特性影响研究

发布时间：2018-11-29 09:38

【摘要】：尾矿库作为矿山的三大基础工程之一,也是金属非金属矿山的重大危险源,溃坝后不仅使尾矿流失,还将破坏下游地区。对下游区域为沟谷的尾矿库,其地形复杂多变,呈现不同的弯道和截面变化,溃坝泥石流演进过程中受其影响,流动特征发生改变,局部区域受到影响,对周围人民群众的生命财产安全和周边环境造成危害。因此,本文运用自行设计的室内溃坝试验装置,以模拟试验的方式研究了不同弯道和截面情况下,溃坝泥石流流动特征的变化规律。首先,通过组装不同弯道部件的方式改变不同弯道特征,研究了溃坝泥石流的流态、泥深、龙头速度、颗粒沉降等与弯道变化的关系。其次,研究了不同弯道条件时,弯道超高与弯道变化的关系,将试验值与弯道超高经验公式计算值进行比较分析,并对试验结果进行拟合分析,具有一定的工程参考价值。最后,改变不同截面情况,研究了溃坝泥石流的流态、泥深及沉积情况等与截面变化的关系,得到截面渐缩时,截面最窄宽度和沟槽宽度的比值与泥深峰值呈指数相关,截面变化渐缩段颗粒沉积厚度两侧高,中间低,渐扩段颗粒沉积厚度中间高,两侧低等规律。本文还针对弯道和截面因素对周围区域造成的影响,提出了相应的改善措施,为尾矿库灾害防护提供一些参考。
[Abstract]:As one of the three basic projects of the mine, tailings reservoir is also a major hazard source in non-metallic metal mines. The dam break will not only cause tailings loss, but also destroy the downstream areas. For the tailings reservoir whose downstream area is a gully, its topography is complex and changeable, showing different bends and cross-sections. During the evolution of dam-break debris flow, the flow characteristics change and the local area is affected. It is harmful to the life and property safety of the surrounding people and the surrounding environment. Therefore, in this paper, the self-designed indoor dam-break test device is used to study the variation law of debris flow characteristics of dam-break debris flow under different bends and cross-sections by means of simulation test. Firstly, the relationship between the flow state, mud depth, faucet velocity and particle settlement of dam-break debris flow is studied by changing the characteristics of different bends by assembling different bend components. Secondly, the relationship between the curve ultra-high and the curve change is studied under different curve conditions. The experimental value is compared with the calculated value of the curve super-high empirical formula, and the test results are fitted and analyzed, which has certain engineering reference value. Finally, the relationship between the flow state, mud depth and deposition of debris flow in dam break is studied by changing the different cross sections. It is concluded that the ratio of the narrowest width of section to the width of groove is exponentially related to the peak value of mud depth when the section shrinks. The thickness of grain deposition is high on both sides and low in the middle of the tapered section, and is high in the middle and low in both sides in the expanding section. Aiming at the influence of the bend and section factors on the surrounding area, the corresponding improvement measures are put forward in this paper, which can provide some references for the disaster prevention of tailings reservoir.
【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD926.4

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