类固态颗粒物质的剪切弹性行为测量
发布时间：2018-10-12 14:03
【摘要】：利用能以极慢变形率直接剪切颗粒固体的实验装置,测量了(玻璃珠)样品对大幅度循环剪切的力-位移曲线,以及一个循环周期后的塑性位移残留.发现随着循环频率的降低,样品会从有限塑性残留的弹塑行为转变到几乎没有塑性的纯弹性行为,同时伴随有率相关性.该转变在剪切力幅度高达样品破坏值的90%时依然存在,但需要极小的变形率(10~(-5)Hz)或惯性数(10~(-8)).这意味着无论是高频小幅度的声波扰动,还是极低频大幅度的直接剪切,静态颗粒固体都可做出纯弹性的力学响应.在足够慢的状态变化范围里,它仍是属于经典弹性理论范畴的一类材料.这个弹性区域一直未被报道和关注,可能是观测它时需要样品的变形率远比通常此类研究中所采用的慢变形还要小许多(大约两个数量级)的缘故.理论上本文测量结果支持描述颗粒固体宏观动力学的基本方程组,不能只有弹塑和率无关行为,它们必须在极慢变形极限下退化为经典弹性理论,并且在这个转变过程中表现出率相关特性.
[Abstract]:The force-displacement curves of (glass bead) samples for large cyclic shearing and the residual plastic displacement after one cycle were measured by using an experimental device capable of directly shearing granular solids at an extremely slow deformation rate. It is found that with the decrease of cycle frequency, the elastic-plastic behavior of the sample changes from a finite plastic residue to a pure elastic behavior with almost no plasticity, which is accompanied by a rate correlation. This transition still exists when the shear force amplitude is up to 90% of the sample failure value, but requires a minimal deformation rate (10 ~ (-5) Hz) or inertia number (10 ~ (-8). This means that both high frequency and small amplitude acoustic disturbance or very low frequency large amplitude direct shear, static granular solids can make pure elastic mechanical response. In a sufficiently slow range of state variations, it is still a class of materials in the category of classical elastic theory. This elastic region has not been reported and paid attention to, possibly because the deformation rate of the sample required to observe it is much smaller (about two orders of magnitude) than the slow deformation usually used in such studies. Theoretically, the measurement results in this paper support the basic equations describing the macroscopic dynamics of granular solids. The elastoplastic behavior and rate-independent behavior should not be the only ones, but they must degenerate into classical elastic theory at the limit of extremely slow deformation. And in the process of this transition shows a rate-dependent characteristics.
【作者单位】： 中南大学物理与电子学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(批准号:10904175,11274390)资助的课题~~
【分类号】：O347.7
本文编号：2266392
[Abstract]:The force-displacement curves of (glass bead) samples for large cyclic shearing and the residual plastic displacement after one cycle were measured by using an experimental device capable of directly shearing granular solids at an extremely slow deformation rate. It is found that with the decrease of cycle frequency, the elastic-plastic behavior of the sample changes from a finite plastic residue to a pure elastic behavior with almost no plasticity, which is accompanied by a rate correlation. This transition still exists when the shear force amplitude is up to 90% of the sample failure value, but requires a minimal deformation rate (10 ~ (-5) Hz) or inertia number (10 ~ (-8). This means that both high frequency and small amplitude acoustic disturbance or very low frequency large amplitude direct shear, static granular solids can make pure elastic mechanical response. In a sufficiently slow range of state variations, it is still a class of materials in the category of classical elastic theory. This elastic region has not been reported and paid attention to, possibly because the deformation rate of the sample required to observe it is much smaller (about two orders of magnitude) than the slow deformation usually used in such studies. Theoretically, the measurement results in this paper support the basic equations describing the macroscopic dynamics of granular solids. The elastoplastic behavior and rate-independent behavior should not be the only ones, but they must degenerate into classical elastic theory at the limit of extremely slow deformation. And in the process of this transition shows a rate-dependent characteristics.
【作者单位】： 中南大学物理与电子学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(批准号:10904175,11274390)资助的课题~~
【分类号】：O347.7
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