云南褐煤中腐殖酸的提取与应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 12:07

本文选题：云南褐煤　切入点：腐殖酸　出处：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济发展和环境矛盾日益突出,传统煤炭行业发展受到环境问题的制约,同时近几年受国际原油价格持续走低,对煤化工的发展产生了深远的影响。云南拥有我国12.6%的褐煤资源,本文结合国内外传统煤化工现状和云南当地具体经济资源情况,将云南褐煤进行综合利用,提取褐煤中的有机成分以此为原料制备腐殖酸复合肥,作为发展云南优势产业烟草和道地药材种植所需肥料,因此,本文研究内容具有良好的市场前景。经单因素实验提高了腐殖酸产率;结果表明硫酸浸泡温度,氢氧化钠浸泡浓度和时间是影响腐殖酸产率的主要因素。通过对单因素实验中主要影响因素运用响应面设计优化,模拟结果显示最佳工艺参数为:硫酸浸泡温度25 ℃,碱浸泡时间51 min,碱浓度0.4mol/L,理论最佳提取率22.47%;在该条件下实验所得腐殖酸提取率为22.31%,说明模型拟合度良好。响应面优化获得提取最佳工艺参数后,为了获得制备腐殖酸复合肥优质原料,将褐煤用双氧水预处理,将不同实验方法提取腐殖酸及阿拉丁腐殖酸,经含氧官能团的测定、元素分析、紫外可见光、红外光谱以及EDS分析说明,实验所得腐殖酸在元素含量、官能团组成,分子构型上基本一致,但经双氧水预处理所得腐殖酸中羧基含量明显增加,有利于腐殖酸吸收更多的无机矿物离子。获得羧基含量较高优质腐殖酸复合肥原料后,将其和无机NH4+ PO43-进行吸收试验,并测定吸收平衡浓度分别为:35.5mg/g和81.1mg/g,当NH4+、PO43-同时存在时吸收平衡浓度分别为:20.5 mg/g和53.2 mg/g。将上述所得“腐殖酸复合肥”经元素分析、红外光谱及EDS分析发现NH4+和羧基氢发生离子交换;PO43-和腐殖酸中金属离子(Fe、Al)络合,并推测腐殖酸羧基中C=O键断裂成C-O键后与金属、PO43-形成稳定的配合物。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly prominent economic development and environmental contradictions in China, the development of the traditional coal industry is restricted by environmental problems, while the international crude oil price has been continuously declining in recent years. Yunnan has 12.6% of lignite resources in China. This paper combines the present situation of traditional coal chemical industry at home and abroad and the specific economic resources of Yunnan Province to make comprehensive use of Yunnan lignite. Extraction of organic components from lignite is used as raw material to prepare humic acid compound fertilizer, which is used as fertilizer for the development of tobacco industry and traditional Chinese medicine planting in Yunnan Province. The results show that the yield of humic acid is increased by single factor experiment, and the soaking temperature of sulfuric acid is obtained. The concentration and time of soaking sodium hydroxide are the main factors affecting the yield of humic acid. The theoretical optimum extraction rate was 22.47 and the extraction rate of humic acid was 22.31, which indicated that the fitting degree of the model was good, and the optimum technological parameters were obtained after the optimization of the response surface. In order to obtain the high quality raw material for the preparation of humic acid compound fertilizer, the lignite was pretreated with hydrogen peroxide. The humic acid and Aladdin humic acid were extracted by different experimental methods. The infrared spectra and EDS analysis showed that the humic acid obtained from the experiment was basically consistent in element content, functional group composition and molecular configuration, but the carboxyl group content in the humic acid pretreated with hydrogen peroxide was obviously increased. It is advantageous for humic acid to absorb more inorganic mineral ions. After obtaining high carboxyl content and high quality humic acid compound fertilizer, the humic acid compound fertilizer and inorganic NH4 PO43- were used for absorption test. The absorption equilibrium concentrations were determined to be 1: 35.5mg / g and 81.1 mg / g, respectively. When NH4 PO43- existed at the same time, the absorption equilibrium concentrations were 20. 5 mg/g and 53. 2 mg / g, respectively. The humic acid compound fertilizer was analyzed by elemental analysis. The IR spectra and EDS analysis showed that NH4 complexed with carboxyl hydrogen by ion exchange ion exchange (PO 43-) and humic acid metal ion (Feal). It was inferred that the C / O bond in humic acid carboxyl group was broken into C-O bond and then formed a stable complex with metal PO43-.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ444.6

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