玛纳斯河流域土壤斥水性及其影响因素

发布时间：2018-03-25 12:21

本文选题：土壤斥水性　切入点：滴水穿透时间法　出处：《应用生态学报》2016年12期

【摘要】：土壤斥水性(SWR)阻碍入渗及再分布过程.虽然斥水土壤在世界广泛存在,但其产生机理并不明确.本文采用滴水穿透时间(WDPT)法、酒精摩尔浓度(MED)法和接触角(θ)法测定了新疆玛纳斯河流域典型土壤的SWR指标,其中θ的测定采用高度法和质量法.对WDPT是否受烘干及不同容重的影响进行对比,探讨各SWR指标之间的联系,并分析了SWR的关键理化性质影响因子,探讨土壤斥水的机理和原因.结果表明:高容重土壤的WDPT值更大,烘干土壤的WDPT值比风干土壤大;3种SWR指标(WDPT、MED及θ)之间有一定的相关关系,但MED与θ的相关性并不明显,表明各SWR指标之间虽有一定联系,但表征方面具有差异性;采用高度法和质量法测量水与土壤的θ值时,高度法的θ值大于质量法,高度法之间重复差异小于质量法;使用正辛烷作为参比溶液测量水与土壤的θ值时,其重复的差异较小,低于无水乙醇;在多种理化性质中,黏粒含量比其他土壤属性更显著地影响WDPT和θ;[K~+]、[Na~+]均与θ呈正相关;蒙脱石含量与WDPT、MED呈负相关.综上,土壤SWR的测定方法中,WDPT法操作简单但易受影响;MED法缩短了入渗时间但试验过程耗时;接触角法操作复杂,结果相对精确,采用正辛烷作为参比溶液的高度法更可靠.建议采用多种指标综合表征土壤斥水性.
[Abstract]:Soil water repellency (SWR) hinder the infiltration and redistribution process. Although the water repellent soils are widespread in the world, but its mechanism is not clear. The water drop penetration time (WDPT) method, the molar concentration of alcohol (MED) and contact angle (theta) SWR index of Xinjiang River Basin in Manasi typical soil determination, which was determined by the height of theta method and quality method. Comparing the WDPT is affected by the drying and the effects of different density, between all the SWR indicators, and analyzed the key physicochemical properties of SWR impact factor, explore the causes and mechanism of soil water repellency. The results show that the high content of heavy soil the value of WDPT is large, the drying soil WDPT than dry soil; 3 SWR index (WDPT, MED and 9) have certain correlation, but the correlation between MED and theta is not obvious, that between the SWR index has certain relation, but with differences in representation; mining With height method and measurement of water and soil of the theta value, the theta value is greater than the height mass method, height difference is less than the quality of repetition method; using n-octane as reference solution to measure the water and soil of the theta value, the repetition of the difference is small, less than ethanol; in many kinds of physical and chemical in nature, the clay content than other soil properties significantly influence WDPT and theta [K~+], [Na~+]; was associated with theta positive; montmorillonite content and WDPT, MED were negatively correlated. The determination method of soil SWR, WDPT method is simple but easy to be influenced by MED method; shorten the infiltration time but test a time-consuming process; contact angle method is complicated, accurate results, using n-octane as the reference height method is more reliable than the solution. It is suggested to use multiple index comprehensive characterization of soil water repellency.

【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51579213) 高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(B12007) 国家留学基金项目(201506305014)资助~~
【分类号】：S152.7

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