鄂东南花岗岩区不同崩岗侵蚀程度的农田土壤质量评价

发布时间：2018-03-26 05:09

本文选题：崩岗侵蚀　切入点：农田　出处：《江苏农业科学》2017年15期

【摘要】：崩岗侵蚀是我国南方花岗岩区最主要的侵蚀类型,造成该地区严重的水土流失,导致农田沙化严重,土壤质量下降。开展崩岗侵蚀对农田土壤质量的影响程度研究,能够拓宽对崩岗侵蚀对农田质量危害的认识以及为沙化农田质量的改良提供依据。以湖北省通城县不同崩岗侵蚀影响程度下(强影响区、弱影响区、无影响区)的水田、旱地土壤为研究对象,通过室内试验分析其土壤理化性质,并采用等级评价方法评价不同崩岗侵蚀影响程度下农田的土壤质量。结果表明,水田和旱地的砾石、沙粒含量均表现为强影响区弱影响区无影响区,粉粒和黏粒含量则表现相反,而土壤的容重则呈现不规律的变化,旱地的饱和导水率相对高于水田的;不同影响区水田和旱地土壤均呈不同程度的酸性,水田土壤有机质含量、碱解氮含量、有效磷含量、速效钾含量以及阳离子交换量均表现为无影响区弱影响区强影响区,但受耕作年限以及种植作物的影响,旱地则表现为无影响区强影响区弱影响区。不同影响区农田受崩岗侵蚀影响等级系数H、物理性质等级系数F、化学肥力性质等级系数P以及农田质量等级系数A总体上均表现为无影响区弱影响区强影响区。系数值越大,表明农田受崩岗侵蚀影响程度越小,说明本研究提出的评价方法与结论能较好地反映出农田受崩岗侵蚀影响的效应。
[Abstract]:Collapse erosion is the most important erosion type in granite area of southern China, which results in serious soil erosion, serious desertification of farmland and deterioration of soil quality. It can broaden the understanding of the damage to farmland quality caused by collapse erosion and provide the basis for improving the quality of desertified farmland. The paddy fields with different levels of collapse erosion (strong, weak and unaffected areas) in Tongcheng County, Hubei Province, can be used to improve the quality of desertified farmland. The physical and chemical properties of dry land soil were analyzed by laboratory experiments, and the soil quality of farmland was evaluated by grade evaluation method. The results showed that the gravels of paddy field and dry land were graveled. The content of sand particles showed no effect in the strong and weak zone, the content of silt and clay was opposite, and the bulk density of soil showed irregular change. The saturated water conductivity of dry land was higher than that of paddy field. The content of organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and cationic exchange capacity in paddy field soil showed different degree of acidity, and the content of soil organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and cation exchange capacity in paddy field and dry land showed strong influence area. But affected by the years of farming and the cultivation of crops, On the other hand, the dry land shows weak influence area in the strong influence area. The coefficient of farmland affected by collapse erosion is H, the coefficient of physical property is F, the coefficient of chemical fertility is P, and the coefficient of farmland quality is total. On the body, the weak influence area of the unaffected area is strong, and the coefficient is larger, The results show that the degree of farmland affected by collapse erosion is smaller, which indicates that the evaluation method and conclusion proposed in this study can better reflect the effect of collapse erosion on farmland.
【作者单位】：三峡大学水利与环境学院;华中农业大学资源与环境学院;四川省水利科学研究院;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划(编号:2011BAD31B04)
【分类号】：S157.1

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