喀斯特小流域坡面与流域降雨产流产沙特征

发布时间：2018-03-26 10:11

本文选题：喀斯特　切入点：径流小区　出处：《水土保持研究》2017年01期

【摘要】：基于贵州省关岭县蚂蝗田水土保持监测站坡面及小流域的监测数据,分析了喀斯特坡面和小流域两个不同尺度下的降雨产流产沙特征。结果表明:次降雨量达到9.1mm(雨强大)和10.5mm(雨强小),坡面发生产流产沙。产流产沙的次降雨量(P)、平均雨强(I)、最大30min雨强(I30)、最大60min雨强(I60)、降雨历时(T)分别主要集中10~40mm,2~10mm/h,5~30mm/h,5~20mm/h,1~10h;与产流产沙相关度的高低为:PI_(60)I_(30)T。不同措施径流小区产流产沙存在显著性差异,荒草地产流产沙量最高;经果林+玉米的坡耕地次之;水保林、岩石裸露率高的荒草地最低。小流域与径流小区产流产沙的月变化趋势相似,但数值差异极大,产流产沙不同步,径流小区的数据不能完全反映喀斯特地区产流产沙特征。
[Abstract]:Based on the monitoring data of soil and water conservation monitoring station of desmodium field in Guanling County, Guizhou Province, The characteristics of runoff and sediment yield in karst slope and small watershed are analyzed. The results show that the secondary rainfall amounts to 9.1 mm (strong rain) and 10.5 mm (small rain intensity). The average rain intensity, the maximum 30min rain intensity, the maximum 60min rain intensity, the maximum 60min rain intensity, and the rainfall duration T) were mainly concentrated at 10 ~ 40 mm / 2 10 mm / h ~ 530 mm / h ~ 5 ~ 20 mm / h ~ (10) h, respectively, and the correlation between them was as follows: 1% Pi ~ (60) I ~ (60) I ~ (30) T ~ (-1). There were significant differences between different measures in runoff and sediment production in runoff plot. The amount of abortive sediment in barren grass was the highest, the slope cultivated land through fruit forest maize was the second, the water conservation forest and the barren grassland with high rock bare rate were the lowest. The monthly variation trend of sediment yield in small watershed was similar to that in runoff plot, but the numerical value was very different. The data of runoff plot can not completely reflect the characteristics of runoff and sediment yield in karst area.
【作者单位】：贵州大学林学院;贵州省瓮安县水务局;贵州省水土保持技术咨询研究中心;
【基金】：贵州省水利厅科研项目(KT201312);贵州省水利厅科研项目(KT201311)
【分类号】：S157.1

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