不同有机物料对原生盐碱地水稳性团聚体特征的影响
发布时间：2018-10-17 20:28
【摘要】：为了研究不同种类和形态的有机物料对原生盐碱地水稳性团聚体特征以及物理性质的影响,以吉林西部地区原生盐碱地为研究对象,通过大田试验,分析了颗粒玉米秸秆、正常玉米秸秆、牧草以及羊粪等有机物料对原生盐碱地的浸水容重、沉降系数、田间持水量和蒸发速率等物理指标的影响,以及对土壤水稳性大团聚体和微团聚体的数量、形态、平均质量直径(MWD)、破坏率(PAD)、水稳系数、平均质量比表面积和分形维数等指标的影响。结果表明:(1)各处理中水稳性团聚体组成以微团聚体占主要成分,其中以0.05~0.25mm粒径为主,不同有机物料处理对各粒级含量影响差异显著。(2)各有机物料处理的土壤水稳性团聚体的稳定性相对CK处理均有所提高,羊粪处理对MWD提高效果最好,提高了104%,而颗粒处理提高水稳系数和降低PAD效果最好。(3)不同有机物料处理对水稳性团聚体形态均有改善作用,颗粒处理改善效果最好,形态圆润表面粗糙,大小孔径分布适中。(4)颗粒处理与其他处理的土壤团聚体分形维数差异显著,其他处理之间差异不显著,颗粒处理分形维数最低,相比CK处理降低了2.62%。各有机物料处理的平均质量比表面积与CK差异显著,其中正常秸秆处理最好,相比CK提高了171.01%。(5)各有机物料处理与CK处理相比,对原生盐碱土物理性质均有改善作用,颗粒处理整体效果最好。浸水容重与PAD和分形维数具有显著正相关性,与水稳系数和平均重量直径呈显著负相关性。沉降系数相关性类似浸水容重,田间持水量相反,蒸发速率则未显示出显著相关性,各物理参数与平均质量比表面积未显示出显著相关性。综合得出,有机物料能够改善原生盐碱土壤结构,同种有机物料不同形态作用效果不同,本试验中经过粉碎高温高压处理的颗粒秸秆效果远好于其他处理,有效地缩短了改良时间。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effects of different kinds and forms of organic materials on the characteristics and physical properties of water-stable aggregates in primary saline-alkali soil, the paper analyzed the grain corn stalks through field experiments in the west of Jilin Province. The effects of organic materials such as normal corn straw, forage grass and sheep dung on the physical indexes of soaking density, sedimentation coefficient, field water holding capacity and evaporation rate, as well as the amount of soil water stable macroaggregates and microaggregates, etc. The influence of morphology, average mass diameter, (MWD), failure rate, (PAD), water stability coefficient, average mass specific surface area and fractal dimension, etc. The results showed that: (1) the composition of water-stable aggregates in different treatments was mainly composed of microaggregates, in which 0.05~0.25mm particle size was the main component. (2) the stability of soil water stable aggregates treated with different organic materials was higher than that of CK treatment, and sheep manure treatment had the best effect on MWD. The effect of particle treatment on improving water stability coefficient and reducing PAD was the best. (3) the morphology of water stable aggregates was improved by different organic materials, and the effect of particle treatment was the best, and the shape was rough. The pore size distribution was moderate. (4) there was significant difference in fractal dimension of soil aggregates between particle treatment and other treatments, but there was no significant difference between other treatments. The fractal dimension of particle treatment was the lowest, which was 2.62% lower than that of CK treatment. The average mass specific surface area of each organic material treatment was significantly different from that of CK, among which the normal straw treatment was the best, which increased 171.01than CK. (5) compared with CK treatment, the physical properties of primary saline-alkali soil were improved by each organic material treatment. The overall effect of particle treatment is the best. There was a significant positive correlation between bulk density of soaking water and PAD and fractal dimension, but a significant negative correlation with water stability coefficient and mean weight diameter. The correlation of sedimentation coefficient was similar to that of bulk density of soaking water, but the evaporation rate had no significant correlation with the field water holding capacity, and there was no significant correlation between the physical parameters and the average mass specific surface area. It is concluded that organic materials can improve the structure of the original saline-alkali soil, and the effects of the same organic materials on different forms of soil are different. In this experiment, the effect of granulated straw treated by crushing high temperature and high pressure is much better than that of other treatments. The improvement time is effectively shortened.
【作者单位】： 吉林农业大学资源与环境学院;
【基金】：吉林省科技厅重大科技招标专项“畜禽粪便高效转化生产有机肥关键技术及产品研发”(20150203004NY) 吉林农业大学博士启动基金项目“不同来源有机物料对农田黑土土壤动物群落结构影响的研究”(201634)
【分类号】：S156.4
，
本文编号：2277866
[Abstract]:In order to study the effects of different kinds and forms of organic materials on the characteristics and physical properties of water-stable aggregates in primary saline-alkali soil, the paper analyzed the grain corn stalks through field experiments in the west of Jilin Province. The effects of organic materials such as normal corn straw, forage grass and sheep dung on the physical indexes of soaking density, sedimentation coefficient, field water holding capacity and evaporation rate, as well as the amount of soil water stable macroaggregates and microaggregates, etc. The influence of morphology, average mass diameter, (MWD), failure rate, (PAD), water stability coefficient, average mass specific surface area and fractal dimension, etc. The results showed that: (1) the composition of water-stable aggregates in different treatments was mainly composed of microaggregates, in which 0.05~0.25mm particle size was the main component. (2) the stability of soil water stable aggregates treated with different organic materials was higher than that of CK treatment, and sheep manure treatment had the best effect on MWD. The effect of particle treatment on improving water stability coefficient and reducing PAD was the best. (3) the morphology of water stable aggregates was improved by different organic materials, and the effect of particle treatment was the best, and the shape was rough. The pore size distribution was moderate. (4) there was significant difference in fractal dimension of soil aggregates between particle treatment and other treatments, but there was no significant difference between other treatments. The fractal dimension of particle treatment was the lowest, which was 2.62% lower than that of CK treatment. The average mass specific surface area of each organic material treatment was significantly different from that of CK, among which the normal straw treatment was the best, which increased 171.01than CK. (5) compared with CK treatment, the physical properties of primary saline-alkali soil were improved by each organic material treatment. The overall effect of particle treatment is the best. There was a significant positive correlation between bulk density of soaking water and PAD and fractal dimension, but a significant negative correlation with water stability coefficient and mean weight diameter. The correlation of sedimentation coefficient was similar to that of bulk density of soaking water, but the evaporation rate had no significant correlation with the field water holding capacity, and there was no significant correlation between the physical parameters and the average mass specific surface area. It is concluded that organic materials can improve the structure of the original saline-alkali soil, and the effects of the same organic materials on different forms of soil are different. In this experiment, the effect of granulated straw treated by crushing high temperature and high pressure is much better than that of other treatments. The improvement time is effectively shortened.
【作者单位】： 吉林农业大学资源与环境学院;
【基金】：吉林省科技厅重大科技招标专项“畜禽粪便高效转化生产有机肥关键技术及产品研发”(20150203004NY) 吉林农业大学博士启动基金项目“不同来源有机物料对农田黑土土壤动物群落结构影响的研究”(201634)
【分类号】：S156.4
，
本文编号：2277866
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