农产品水足迹评价研究进展
发布时间：2019-04-26 17:37
【摘要】：水足迹是消费者或生产者直接或间接使用水资源量的衡量指标,并被广泛应用于全球或区域虚拟水贸易分析研究。本文从全球、国家或地区等不同空间尺度对农产品水足迹评价研究进行了比较全面的综述。近十几年来,农产品水足迹研究从2008年以前的全球农产品贸易虚拟水量分析评价为主,转向2009年以后国家或地区空间尺度的农产品形成过程中所消耗的直接和间接水量的详细核算研究为核心。水足迹评价具有明显的空间分布特征,为了获取准确、全面客观的农产品生产水足迹信息,必须要考虑区域地理特征、土壤理化特性、气候变化、生产技术及污染物生态毒性等因素的影响。水资源管理决策制定时应综合考虑农产品绿水、蓝水和灰水足迹,因为农产品的蓝水足迹表征了社会淡水资源的直接消耗,对国际市场贸易决策制定具有重要意义,而农产品灰水足迹评价则更明确地反映了农业生产对环境的影响程度。实现全球或区域农业水资源保护与可持续利用,不仅要提高农业生产水资源利用效率,还应该调整农业生产结构、农产品虚拟水贸易的模式和方向,减少农产品流通过程和饮食消费的水资源浪费。
[Abstract]:Water footprint is a measure of direct or indirect use of water resources by consumers or producers, and has been widely used in global or regional virtual water trade analysis. In this paper, the water footprint evaluation of agricultural products in different spatial scales, such as global, national or regional, has been reviewed in an all-round way. In the past ten years, the study of agricultural products' water footprint has been mainly based on the virtual water volume analysis and evaluation of global agricultural trade before 2008. Turning to the national or regional spatial scale of agricultural products after 2009, the detailed calculation of direct and indirect water consumption during the formation of agricultural products is the core. Water footprint evaluation has obvious spatial distribution characteristics. In order to obtain accurate, comprehensive and objective information of agricultural production water footprint, regional geographical characteristics, soil physical and chemical characteristics, and climate change must be considered. The influence of production technology and eco-toxicity of pollutants. The green water, blue water and gray water footprints of agricultural products should be considered comprehensively in the decision-making of water resources management, because the blue water footprints of agricultural products represent the direct consumption of social freshwater resources and are of great significance to the decision-making of international market trade. The evaluation of agricultural ash-water footprint more clearly reflects the impact of agricultural production on the environment. To achieve global or regional protection and sustainable utilization of agricultural water resources, we should not only improve the efficiency of water resources utilization in agricultural production, but also adjust the agricultural production structure and the mode and direction of virtual water trade for agricultural products. Reduce the circulation of agricultural products and food consumption of water waste.
【作者单位】： 农业应用新技术北京市重点实验室/北京农学院资源与环境系;北京林果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心;农业部旱作节水农业重点实验室/中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31471837,41473004) 科技创新服务能力建设-协同创新中心-林果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心(2011协同创新中心)(市级)(PXM2017_014207_000043)资助~~
【分类号】：S181
本文编号：2466254
[Abstract]:Water footprint is a measure of direct or indirect use of water resources by consumers or producers, and has been widely used in global or regional virtual water trade analysis. In this paper, the water footprint evaluation of agricultural products in different spatial scales, such as global, national or regional, has been reviewed in an all-round way. In the past ten years, the study of agricultural products' water footprint has been mainly based on the virtual water volume analysis and evaluation of global agricultural trade before 2008. Turning to the national or regional spatial scale of agricultural products after 2009, the detailed calculation of direct and indirect water consumption during the formation of agricultural products is the core. Water footprint evaluation has obvious spatial distribution characteristics. In order to obtain accurate, comprehensive and objective information of agricultural production water footprint, regional geographical characteristics, soil physical and chemical characteristics, and climate change must be considered. The influence of production technology and eco-toxicity of pollutants. The green water, blue water and gray water footprints of agricultural products should be considered comprehensively in the decision-making of water resources management, because the blue water footprints of agricultural products represent the direct consumption of social freshwater resources and are of great significance to the decision-making of international market trade. The evaluation of agricultural ash-water footprint more clearly reflects the impact of agricultural production on the environment. To achieve global or regional protection and sustainable utilization of agricultural water resources, we should not only improve the efficiency of water resources utilization in agricultural production, but also adjust the agricultural production structure and the mode and direction of virtual water trade for agricultural products. Reduce the circulation of agricultural products and food consumption of water waste.
【作者单位】： 农业应用新技术北京市重点实验室/北京农学院资源与环境系;北京林果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心;农业部旱作节水农业重点实验室/中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31471837,41473004) 科技创新服务能力建设-协同创新中心-林果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心(2011协同创新中心)(市级)(PXM2017_014207_000043)资助~~
【分类号】：S181
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