兰州地区太阳能供热系统研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 21:10

本文关键词：兰州地区太阳能供热系统研究　出处：《兰州理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：兰州地区气候干燥,气温日温差较大,光照充足,太阳辐射强,光能潜力巨大。城市建筑以多高层建筑为主,人均占有面积小,大部分居住建筑已安装天然气管道,使用方便。采用太阳能辅助天然气的供暖和生活热水技术,既可以充分利用兰州地区丰富的太阳辐射资源,节约能源,保护环境,又能弥补太阳辐射能的不稳定性和间断性等特点。首先,在太阳辐射理论计算的基础上,建立了水平面、垂直面和倾斜面上的太阳辐射强度计算模型,为分析建筑的围护结构或集热系统吸收太阳辐射能建立基础。其次,针对兰州地区居住建筑普遍增大南向外窗面积以获取太阳辐射热量,辅助提高房间冬季采暖温度的现象,以兰州地区某典型建筑为例建立仿真模型,依据兰州地区太阳辐射强度参数,利用DeST软件对南向窗墙面积比对房间室内温度的影响进行仿真模拟,分析室内温度的变化规律,总结得到兰州地区的窗墙面积比取值为0.4-0.6最佳,过小会浪费太阳能资源,过大会加剧室内温度波动,还会造成过热现象。由于利用外窗得热不能充分利用太阳能资源,并会造成温度波动和过热等现象,提出太阳能辅助天然气供暖和生活热水系统,介绍了系统的主要组成部分和运行原理,对集热器,储热水箱和低温地板辐射系统等主要部件的性能和优化设计进行了理论分析。接着,以兰州地区典型多层建筑为例,依据上述理论分析,进行了集中集热-分户储热式太阳能辅助天然气供暖和生活热水系统的优化设计。为验证所设计系统的性能,利用TRNSYS软件对该系统建立仿真模型进行模拟计算,并绘制出房间采暖温度,采暖负荷,集热器效率,太阳能保证率和太阳能供热量等曲线,分析了该建筑的用热情况和系统的实际运行效果。最后,对所设计的太阳能供热系统的节能效益进行分析计算,结果证明兰州地区太阳能利用的节能效益显著,为兰州地区推广应用太阳能供热技术提供依据。
[Abstract]:Lanzhou has a dry climate, large daily temperature difference, sufficient light, strong solar radiation, great potential of light energy. Urban buildings are mainly multi-high-rise buildings, the per capita area is small. Most residential buildings have installed natural gas pipeline, easy to use. The use of solar assisted natural gas heating and domestic hot water technology, not only can make full use of the abundant solar radiation resources in Lanzhou area, saving energy. Protection of the environment, but also to compensate for solar radiation energy instability and discontinuity and other characteristics. Firstly, based on the theoretical calculation of solar radiation, the calculation models of solar radiation intensity on horizontal plane, vertical plane and inclined plane are established. This paper establishes a foundation for analyzing the solar radiation energy absorbed by the building's enclosure or heat collecting system. Secondly, in view of the phenomenon that living buildings in Lanzhou region generally increase the area of exterior window to obtain solar radiation heat and increase the room heating temperature in winter, a typical building in Lanzhou area is taken as an example to establish a simulation model. According to the parameters of solar radiation intensity in Lanzhou area, the influence of the area ratio of the south window wall to the room temperature is simulated by using DeST software, and the variation law of indoor temperature is analyzed. It is concluded that the area ratio of window and wall in Lanzhou area is the best 0.4-0.6, which will waste solar energy resources and aggravate indoor temperature fluctuation. As the use of external windows can not make full use of solar energy resources, and will cause temperature fluctuations and overheating phenomena, solar assisted natural gas heating and domestic hot water system is put forward. The main components and operation principle of the system are introduced. The performance and optimization design of the main parts such as collector, hot water tank and low temperature floor radiation system are analyzed theoretically. Then, the typical multi-storey buildings in Lanzhou area as an example, according to the above theoretical analysis. The optimization design of the centralized heat collection and household heat storage solar assisted natural gas heating and domestic hot water system was carried out to verify the performance of the designed system. The simulation model of the system is established by TRNSYS software, and the curves of room heating temperature, heating load, collector efficiency, solar energy guarantee rate and solar energy supply are drawn. The use of heat of the building and the actual operation effect of the system are analyzed. Finally, the energy-saving benefits of the designed solar heating system are analyzed and calculated. The results show that the energy-saving benefits of solar energy utilization in Lanzhou area are remarkable, which provides the basis for the popularization and application of solar energy heating technology in Lanzhou area.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU832.17

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