智能无线消防应急灯指示系统的关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 07:14

本文关键词：智能无线消防应急灯指示系统的关键技术研究　出处：《杭州电子科技大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着城市现代化进程的加快，城市建筑的楼层不断加高且楼宇结构越来越复杂，使得大型建筑发生火灾的概率明显增加。消防应急灯具作为建筑内发生火灾或其它紧急状况时，给现场人员疏散以及消防作业提供指示和照明的灯具，已被广泛安装在各类建筑中。同时现有消防应急灯已实现了系统集中控制、灯具工作状态感知和智能检测等功能，构成了具有一定自动化水平的疏散指示系统。但随着近年来无线传感网技术的快速发展，智慧城市的建设已得到人们的高度重视，加之新一代消防应急照明和疏散指示系统国家标准（GB17945-2010）的出台，使得现有基于有线集中式消防应急指示控制系统在系统架构、通信方式、路由协议、部署方式和系统可维护性方面的不足逐渐显现。因此，本文以智慧消防建设为出发点，将智能芯片和无线传感器网技术应用到新型智能消防应急灯指示系统的研究和开发中，致力于无线智能消防应急灯指示系统框架构建、无线路由协议和测试平台等关键技术的研究。本文主要工作如下： 1）提出一种智能无线应急灯具的电路设计方法，进而建立一种基于无线传感网技术的消防应急疏散指示系统设计方案。首先，利用传感器对每一个灯具的状态进行实时采集；其次，通过无线网络上传到控制中心；最后，利用相应的算法实现灯具实时状态检测、应急疏散等功能。 2）根据上述的应急灯指示系统架构，提出一种树状网络通信协议。该无线通信协议的特点是有线和无线协调工作，拓扑结构固定，根据地理位置划分传输区域，同时其更具有实现简便、稳定性高和延迟时间短等优点。 3）为了进一步提高树状网络通信协议的性能，提出一种基于空分TDMA的无线应急灯通信协议。该协议以空分TDMA技术为基础，IPv6/6LoWPAN技术为协议栈标准，并将CoAP协议包作为通信载体，，从而不但在节点链路传输方面克服了树状网络通信协议的不足，同时在应用层和系统构成方面具有更高的稳定性、更强的可操作性和更简洁的软件架构等优点。 4）完成智能无线消防应急灯具节点的测试样品，以及用于性能测试评估的小型智能无线消防应急灯指示系统，并开展相应的性能测试研究。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urban modernization, the floors of urban buildings are increasing and the building structure is becoming more and more complex. Fire emergency lamps as a building fire or other emergencies, to the scene of evacuation and fire operations to provide guidance and lighting lamps. It has been widely installed in all kinds of buildings. At the same time, the existing fire emergency lamp has realized the functions of system centralized control, lamp working state perception and intelligent detection and so on. An evacuation indication system with a certain level of automation is constructed. However, with the rapid development of wireless sensor network technology in recent years, people have attached great importance to the construction of smart city. In addition, the introduction of the new national standard GB17945-2010 makes the existing centralized fire emergency control system based on cable in the system architecture. The shortcomings of communication mode, routing protocol, deployment mode and system maintainability gradually appear. Therefore, this paper takes the intelligent fire protection construction as the starting point. The intelligent chip and wireless sensor network technology are applied to the research and development of the new intelligent fire emergency lamp indication system, and the framework of the wireless intelligent fire emergency lamp indication system is constructed. Research on key technologies such as wireless routing protocol and test platform. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) A circuit design method of intelligent wireless emergency lamps is proposed, and then a design scheme of fire emergency evacuation indication system based on wireless sensor network technology is established. The state of each lamp is collected in real time by sensor. Secondly, upload to the control center through the wireless network; Finally, the corresponding algorithm is used to realize the functions of real-time state detection and emergency evacuation of lamps and lanterns. 2) according to the structure of the emergency lamp indication system, a tree network communication protocol is proposed. The wireless communication protocol is characterized by cable and wireless coordination and fixed topology. At the same time, it has the advantages of simple implementation, high stability and short delay time. 3) in order to further improve the performance of tree network communication protocol, a wireless emergency lamp communication protocol based on air-separated TDMA is proposed, which is based on air-separated TDMA technology. IPv6/6LoWPAN technology is a protocol stack standard, and the CoAP protocol packet is used as the communication carrier, which not only overcomes the shortage of tree network communication protocol in node link transmission. At the same time, it has the advantages of higher stability, more maneuverability and simpler software architecture in application layer and system structure. 4) the test sample of intelligent wireless fire emergency lamp node and the small intelligent wireless fire emergency lamp indication system for performance test and evaluation are completed, and the corresponding performance test research is carried out.
【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU998.13;TN915.04

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