围护结构内湿传递对建筑能耗的影响

发布时间：2018-05-26 01:14

本文选题：住宅建筑 + 能耗调研　；参考：《南京大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：夏热冬冷潮湿地区,夏季潮湿多雨闷热,冬季潮湿寒冷,室外平均相对湿度高。由于室内外温度及湿度差的存在,围护结构内会形成相应的温度及湿度梯度,从而造成建筑围护结构内复杂的湿传递现象的产生,湿量在建筑围护结构中的传递和积累将严重降低围护结构的热阻,增加建筑能耗,减少建筑使用年限,促进霉菌生长,墙体冷凝结露等现象出现。因此研究围护结构内湿传递现象对于建筑节能,改善室内环境等具有重要意义。同时,围护结构吸放湿过程直接影响室内湿度以及潜热负荷,同时由于吸放湿过程引起含湿量的变化,相变及温度分布的变化,影响着显热负荷,从而对建筑能耗带来一定的影响。随着建筑能耗模拟计算的精确化发展趋势,围护结构内湿传递现象这一影响因素逐渐得到重视,但目前的建筑能耗计算中能够准确并简便地估算围护结构内湿传递现象对建筑能耗影响的方法较少。因此,本文将针对长江中下游地区(以南京地区为例)住宅建筑展开研究,通过问卷调研及模拟计算的方法,比较分析围护结构内湿传递对该地区住宅建筑能耗的影响,以指导建筑节能规范中的相关规定。进而提出优化建筑节能设计的方法及针对夏热冬冷地区住宅建筑节能规范提出相关改善条款。本研究首先对长江中下游地区(以南京为例)住宅建筑展开问卷调研,了解南京地区住宅建筑能耗现状及室内环境现状,填补南京地区描述住宅建筑能耗现状的真实数据资料的空缺,并为后文的模拟计算提供真实数据参照。第二,建立南京地区住宅建筑标准模型,比较其在不考虑围护结构内湿传递情况下与考虑围护结构内湿传递情况的建筑采暖能耗,制冷能耗及整体能耗。将考虑围护结构内湿传递情况的模拟简化,使其适用于设计过程。分析两种情况下的能耗情况,证明了,南京地区住宅建筑围护结构内湿传递现象对建筑能耗存在影响,不考虑围护结构内湿传递情况将导致住宅建筑的能耗浪费,尤其是夏季制冷能耗浪费较大。最后,为验证比较模拟的准确性,选择南京地区一典型住宅建筑,调研其基本信息及能耗使用情况,采用上文中的模拟方法模拟,比较模拟结果与真实能耗,证明上文中的模拟方法具有一定的准确性,模拟比较结论具有参考价值。通过问卷调研,模拟计算以及模拟验证,本文证明了南京地区住宅建筑,围护结构内湿传递现象会对能耗带来影响,忽略围护结构内湿传递现象,会造成一定的能耗浪费,尤其对夏季制冷能耗影响较大。
[Abstract]:In hot summer and cold humid area, summer is wet and humid, winter is humid and cold, and outdoor average relative humidity is high. Because of the difference of indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity, the corresponding gradient of temperature and humidity will be formed in the enclosure structure, which will lead to the complex phenomenon of moisture transfer in the building enclosure structure. The transfer and accumulation of moisture in the building envelope structure will reduce the thermal resistance of the envelope structure, increase building energy consumption, reduce the building life, promote the growth of mold, and the condensation and condensation of wall. Therefore, it is important to study the phenomenon of moisture transfer in enclosure structure for building energy saving and indoor environment improvement. At the same time, the moisture absorption and desorption process of the enclosure structure directly affects the indoor humidity and latent heat load. At the same time, the changes of moisture content, phase change and temperature distribution in the process of moisture absorption and desorption affect the sensible heat load. Thus the building energy consumption has a certain impact. With the development trend of accurate simulation calculation of building energy consumption, the influence factor of moisture transfer in enclosure structure has been paid more and more attention. However, there are few methods to estimate the influence of moisture transfer phenomenon on building energy consumption in the current building energy consumption calculation. Therefore, this paper will focus on the residential buildings in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (taking Nanjing as an example). By means of questionnaire investigation and simulation calculation, we will compare and analyze the influence of moisture transfer within the enclosure structure on the energy consumption of residential buildings in this area. To guide the building energy conservation code in the relevant provisions. Then it puts forward the method of optimizing the design of building energy saving and puts forward the relevant improvement clauses for the residential building energy saving code in hot summer and cold winter area. In this study, first of all, a questionnaire survey of residential buildings in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (Nanjing as an example) was carried out to understand the present situation of energy consumption and indoor environment of residential buildings in Nanjing. To fill the gap of the real data about the energy consumption of residential buildings in Nanjing area, and to provide the reference for the simulation calculation later. Secondly, the standard model of residential building in Nanjing area is established, and the heating energy consumption, refrigeration energy consumption and overall energy consumption are compared between the building heating energy consumption, the refrigeration energy consumption and the overall energy consumption without considering the moisture transfer in the enclosure structure. The simulation of moisture transfer in the envelope structure is simplified to make it suitable for the design process. By analyzing the energy consumption in two cases, it is proved that the phenomenon of moisture transfer in the surrounding structure of residential buildings in Nanjing area has an effect on the energy consumption of buildings, and that not considering the moisture transfer situation in the envelope structure will lead to the waste of energy consumption in residential buildings. Especially in summer refrigeration energy consumption is a big waste. Finally, in order to verify the accuracy of the simulation, select a typical residential building in Nanjing, investigate its basic information and energy consumption, use the simulation method above, compare the simulation results with the real energy consumption. It is proved that the simulation method mentioned above has certain accuracy, and the conclusion of simulation and comparison has reference value. Through questionnaire investigation, simulation calculation and simulation verification, this paper proves that in Nanjing residential buildings, the phenomenon of moisture transfer within the enclosure structure will have an impact on energy consumption, ignoring the phenomenon of moisture transfer in the envelope structure, will cause a certain amount of energy consumption waste. Especially, it has a great influence on the energy consumption of refrigeration in summer.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU111.195

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