国内大口径、高钢级管道焊接及焊缝检测技术现状

发布时间：2018-04-21 11:38

本文选题：高钢级管道 + 大口径　；参考：《油气储运》2017年01期

【摘要】：针对国内大口径、高钢级管道普遍采用半自动焊技术而逐渐暴露的焊接质量问题,研究了大口径、高钢级管道的焊接技术及焊缝检测技术。分析了半自动焊与全自动焊对大口径、高钢级管道环焊缝质量的影响因素,并通过西气东输高钢级管道焊口泄漏事故失效分析报告、管材低温冲击试验与金相分析报告及环焊缝焊接工艺试验,验证了影响焊接质量的因素;开展了半自动焊与全自动焊经济性对比,得到了焊接机组成本与完成工作量的关系;研究了自动超声波检测技术的可靠性,提出了国内全自动焊焊缝检测的方法。由此可得:对于大口径、高钢级管道,全自动焊能够有效避免半自动焊环焊缝低温冲击功值偏低且离散的问题,具有质量可靠、工效提升的优势,但从经济性角度考虑,只有当全自动焊工作量大于经济焊接工作量时,全自动焊的经济效益才会超过半自动焊;全自动焊焊缝质量可采用自动超声波检测技术检验。因此,建议在大口径、高钢级管道的建设施工中,全面推行全自动焊技术。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the problem of welding quality exposed gradually by semi-automatic welding technology in domestic large-caliber and high-steel pipeline, the welding technology and weld inspection technology of large-caliber and high-steel grade pipeline are studied. This paper analyzes the influence factors of semi-automatic welding and automatic welding on the quality of girth weld of large-caliber and high-grade steel pipeline, and analyzes the failure analysis report of leakage accident at welding joint of high-grade pipeline transported from west to east by gas transmission from west to east. The low temperature impact test, metallographic analysis report and welding process test of girth weld have verified the factors that affect the welding quality, compared semi-automatic welding with that of automatic welding, and obtained the relationship between the cost of welding unit and the work done. The reliability of automatic ultrasonic testing technology is studied, and the method of automatic welding seam detection in China is put forward. It can be concluded that for large-caliber and high-grade steel pipe, automatic welding can effectively avoid the problem of low temperature impact power and discrete value of semi-automatic welding girth weld, which has the advantages of reliable quality and improved working efficiency, but from the economic point of view, Only when the workload of automatic welding is greater than that of economical welding, the economic benefit of automatic welding will exceed that of semi-automatic welding, and the quality of fully automatic welding seam can be checked by automatic ultrasonic testing technology. Therefore, it is suggested that fully automatic welding technology should be carried out in the construction of large-caliber and high-grade steel pipes.
【作者单位】：中国石油天然气股份有限公司管道建设项目经理部;
【基金】：中国石油股份有限公司重大科技项目“第三代大输量天然气管道高强度钢管工业性应用”子课题“X90/X100钢管现场焊接工艺及环焊缝综合评价技术研究”,2012E-2801-06
【分类号】：TE973.3

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