缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏注水替油井失效治理研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 15:28

本文选题：碳酸盐岩 + 治理　；参考：《西南石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：塔河缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏是经多期构造运动与古岩溶共同作用形成的,以岩溶缝洞为主控因素、以缝洞储集体控藏为主的复杂油气藏系统,它是一种特殊类型的油藏,储渗空间主要由大小不等的溶洞、溶蚀孔洞、裂缝、微裂缝组成,储集体空间分布具有相当的随机性。储集体规模有限的单井缝洞单元,由于其相对封闭没有其它能量的供给造成的产量递减更为突出。2005年塔河油田奥陶系油藏对能量不足的单井缝洞单元实施了注水替油,增油效果明显,单井采出程度平均提高2.4%。但是,随着注水替油轮次的增加,注水替油井均不同程度的进入低效/失效阶段,对其有效治理迫在眉睫。本文主要从流体动力学机理出发,提出了注水替油井失效评价指标以及注水指示曲线联解估算单井控制单元剩余储量的方法,总结了注水替油井失效原因并根据注水指示曲线的不同类型提出了注水替油低效井的挖潜措施与治理标准。首先,本文结合碳酸盐岩储集体特征的特殊性以及储层流体流动规律的特殊性,利用流体力学和渗流力学知识建立了管流-渗流耦合模型。其次,为判断缝洞单元储集体注水替油井是否进入失效阶段建立了评价指标,包括周期含水率、周期时效、周期存水率、周期注采比、周期吨油耗水比等参数,可以初步定性地对注水替油井的当前效果状况作出判断。再次,以砂岩注水指示曲线作为切入点着重分析了碳酸盐岩注水指示曲线理论并推导了单溶洞储集体新模型；其与原有简化模型相比由于考虑了地层水的弹性能量,能更好的符合现场实际,可以定量计算定容储集体剩余储量；一定程度上弥补了失效评价指标定性判断替油井是否失效的不足。最后,对若干典型缝洞单元注水替油井开展实例分析,并结合现场应用工程实践总结了注水替油井的失效原因并提出了失效井的挖潜措施与治理标准。
[Abstract]:Tahe fracture-cavernous carbonate reservoir is a complex oil-gas reservoir system, which is formed by the interaction of multi-stage tectonic movement and paleokarst. It is a special type of oil and gas reservoir system, which takes karst fracture and cave as the main controlling factor and takes the reservoir body as the main controlling factor. The storage and seepage space is mainly composed of dissolvable caverns, corroded holes, cracks and microcracks, and the spatial distribution of the reservoir body is quite random. The production decline caused by the relatively closed single well fracture-cavity unit with limited reservoir size is more prominent due to the lack of supply of other energy. In 2005, the Ordovician reservoir of Tahe Oilfield implemented water injection replacement oil for the single well fracture-cavity unit with insufficient energy. The effect of increasing oil is obvious, and the recovery degree of single well is increased by 2.4% on average. However, with the increase of the number of oil tankers replaced by water injection, the water injection replacement oil wells have entered the stage of low efficiency / failure in varying degrees, so it is urgent to effectively control the oil wells. Based on the mechanism of fluid dynamics, this paper puts forward a method to estimate the remaining reserves of a single well control unit by using the failure evaluation index of water injection replacement well and the combined solution of water injection indication curve. The failure reasons of water injection replacement wells are summarized. According to the different types of injection indication curves, the potential tapping measures and treatment standards for low efficiency wells with water injection replacement are put forward. Firstly, combined with the particularity of carbonate reservoir and the particularity of reservoir fluid flow, the coupling model of pipe flow and seepage flow is established by using the knowledge of fluid mechanics and seepage mechanics. Secondly, the evaluation indexes are established to judge whether or not the fracture-hole unit reservoir has entered the failure stage, including the periodic water cut, the periodic aging, the periodic water storage rate, the periodic injection-production ratio, the periodic oil consumption water ratio, and so on. The present effect of water injection replacement well can be judged qualitatively and preliminarily. Thirdly, taking sandstone water injection indicator curve as the breakthrough point, the theory of carbonate rock water injection indicator curve is analyzed and a new model of single cavern reservoir is derived, which, compared with the original simplified model, takes account of the elastic energy of formation water. It can better accord with the field practice and can quantitatively calculate the residual reserves of the fixed volume reservoir, and to a certain extent make up for the deficiency of the failure evaluation index to judge whether the replacement well is invalid or not qualitatively. Finally, the paper analyzes some typical water-injection wells in fracture-cavity units and summarizes the failure reasons of the wells combined with the field engineering practice, and puts forward the potential tapping measures and treatment standards of the failed wells.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE357.6

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