胜坨油田注水系统结垢预测及处理方法研究

发布时间：2018-07-14 19:10

【摘要】：油田注水系统的结垢,自油田注水开发以来一直是困扰油田开发生产的一个重要的问题。回注污水在采出、处理到注入的过程中,由于压力、温度、离子组成等条件的改变或与不配伍的水相混合,系统结垢不可避免。其带来的危害也是严重的,轻则造成管线堵塞,设备报废；重则造成地层堵塞,注水井报废,给油田带来很大的经济损失。长期以来,工程师们都在努力寻找解决的办法。本文结合胜坨油田的实际对注水系统结垢原因及影响因素做了系统研究,包括垢的成分、性状,单垢及复合垢的成因、主要影响因素及结垢防垢机理等；对胜坨油田物理除垢技术、化学除防垢技术进行了系统分析研究。油水井结垢与腐蚀具有相关性,还与油水井工况密切联系,因此油田注水系统结垢的防与除具有相对复杂的特点。胜坨油田的注水系统结垢类型主要是碳酸钙垢,分布在注水管网的弯管处和管线变径处、注水井井筒及近井地带。由于结垢与腐蚀、污水复杂组分相关,垢的成分较复杂,并非是单一的碳酸钙或硫酸钙；碳酸钙结垢是由于水中成垢离子浓度高或与地层水的配伍性差,是否结垢还受到温度、压力、pH值、溶解气体、细菌等多重因素的影响；油田注水系统硫酸钙结垢主要是与地层水的不配伍造成的,结垢趋势与温度、压力的相关性较弱。结垢是影响油田生产的重要因素之一,在系统结垢之前解决防垢问题是有效防垢的最佳选择,而防治必须以结垢趋势的预测为基础。通过参考多种结垢预测的数学模型,考虑水的组成、温度、压力、pH值等因素设计了结垢预测软件,预测结果和实验结果相符；研制了适合胜坨油田的高效复合防垢剂,形成了适合胜坨油田污水处理及回注系统的防除垢体系,现场应用后效果显著。
[Abstract]:Scaling in oilfield water injection system has been an important problem for oilfield development since its development. In the process of recovery, treatment and implantation of wastewater, scaling is inevitable due to the change of pressure, temperature and ion composition, or mixing with uncompatible water. The harm caused by it is also serious, which causes pipeline blockage, equipment scrapping, formation plugging and water injection well scrapping, which brings great economic losses to oil fields. Engineers have long struggled to find a solution. Based on the actual situation of Shengtuo Oilfield, this paper makes a systematic study on the causes and influencing factors of scaling in water injection system, including the composition and characteristics of scale, the causes of single scale and compound scale, the main influencing factors and scaling prevention mechanism, etc. The physical scale removal technology and chemical scale control technology in Shengtuo Oilfield are systematically analyzed and studied. Scaling and corrosion in oil-water wells are closely related to the working conditions of oil-water wells, so scaling prevention and removal of water injection systems in oil fields have relatively complex characteristics. The scaling type of water injection system in Shengtuo Oilfield is mainly calcium carbonate scale, which is distributed in the bend of water injection pipe network and the changing diameter of pipeline, and the wellbore of water injection well and near well zone. Because of scaling and corrosion, the complex components of sewage are related, the composition of scale is more complex, is not a single calcium carbonate or calcium sulfate; calcium carbonate scaling is due to the high concentration of scaling ions in water or poor compatibility with formation water, whether scaling is still subject to temperature, The influence of many factors such as pH value dissolved gas bacteria and so on. The scaling of calcium sulfate in oilfield water injection system is mainly caused by the incompatibility with formation water and the correlation between scaling trend and temperature and pressure is weak. Scaling is one of the important factors affecting oil field production. It is the best choice to solve scale prevention problem before scaling system, and the prevention and cure must be based on the prediction of scaling trend. By referring to various mathematical models of scaling prediction and considering the composition of water, temperature, pressure and pH value, the software is designed. The prediction results are in agreement with the experimental results, and a high efficiency compound scale inhibitor suitable for Shengtuo Oilfield has been developed. A scale control system suitable for wastewater treatment and injection system in Shengtuo Oilfield was formed.
【学位授予单位】：齐鲁工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE357.6

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