面向中小型堤坝安全监测的无线传感器网络能耗研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 05:21

本文选题：中小型堤坝 + 无线传感器网络　；参考：《华东交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前，只有在大型的水利项目中才有较为完备的监测措施，而我国80%的堤坝属于中小型堤坝，且以土石坝居多。对于这类型堤坝的监测，一直靠传统的人工方式来完成。无线传感器网络技术的引入，为中小型堤坝监测技术的发展提供了新思路。通过在中小型堤坝中埋设相应的传感器，将数据通过无线传感器网络传送到远程服务中心，管理人员可以及时掌握堤坝的安全状况，保证堤坝的安全稳定运行。由于无线传感器网络节点采用电池供电，而堤坝环境中的数据监测条件比较苛刻，电源更换相对困难，无线传感器网络节点能耗的优化在延长整个无线传感器网络生命周期过程中显得尤为重要。本文首先针对当前的无线传感器网络协议进行了归纳总结，分析比较了各类网络协议的特点，，结合中小型堤坝环境下无线传感器网络的特点，选择与之相适应的网络协议。基于所选择的网络协议，对无线传感器网络的节点能耗和通信过程进行了系统分析，并提出了降低网络能耗的策略。在此基础上，利用半马尔科夫链理论，建立了节点状态能耗的数学模型，在保证正常数据通信的情况下，通过对节点状态的管理，延长节点的睡眠时间，达到降低整个网络能耗的目的，并通过数值模拟验证了该模型的准确性。论文构建了中小型堤坝安全监测系统的原型，通过无线传感器节点的实际工作，感知各节点的能耗情况，为中小型堤坝的安全监测提供了良好的服务保障。
[Abstract]:At present, only in large water conservancy projects can there be more complete monitoring measures, and 80% of the dikes in our country belong to small and medium-sized dikes, and most of them are earth-rock dams.The monitoring of this type of dyke has always been done by traditional manual method.The introduction of wireless sensor network (WSN) technology provides a new idea for the development of middle and small dike monitoring technology.By embedding the corresponding sensors in the middle and small dike and transmitting the data to the remote service center through the wireless sensor network, the managers can grasp the security condition of the dike in time and ensure the safe and stable operation of the dike.Because the wireless sensor network nodes use battery power supply, and the data monitoring conditions in the dike environment are harsh, it is relatively difficult to replace the power supply.The optimization of node energy consumption in wireless sensor networks (WSN) is particularly important in prolonging the lifetime of WSN.Firstly, this paper summarizes the current wireless sensor network protocols, analyzes and compares the characteristics of all kinds of network protocols, combines the characteristics of wireless sensor networks under the medium and small dike environment, and selects the corresponding network protocols.Based on the selected network protocol, the node energy consumption and communication process of wireless sensor networks are systematically analyzed, and the strategies to reduce the network energy consumption are proposed.On this basis, a mathematical model of node state energy consumption is established by using the semi-Markov chain theory. Under the condition of ensuring normal data communication, the node sleep time is prolonged by managing the node state.The purpose of reducing the energy consumption of the whole network is achieved, and the accuracy of the model is verified by numerical simulation.The prototype of the safety monitoring system for small and medium-sized dikes is constructed in this paper. Through the actual work of wireless sensor nodes, the energy consumption of each node is perceived, which provides a good service guarantee for the safety monitoring of small and medium-sized dikes.
【学位授予单位】：华东交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV698.1;TP212.9;TN929.5

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