黄河河口地区骨干河道生态健康评价方法研究
发布时间：2019-02-15 03:25
【摘要】：黄河河口地区是黄河三角洲高效生态经济区和山东半岛蓝色经济区融合交汇区域,随着这两大经济区相继上升为国家战略,该地区的发展面临着难得的重大历史机遇,然而该地区河道生态修复面临诸多技术难题。本课题采用现场调查与资料收集相结合、室内试验与现场试验相结合、理论研究与工程应用示范相结合的方式开展了各项内容的研究,课题研究的内容主要有:(1)界定了黄河河口地区骨干河道自然水系及人工河道,阐述河道特征的表述参数,分析了黄河河口地区自然水系和人工河道特征以及存在的主要问题。主要问题有:1)河道规划设计标准偏低,工程老化、退化严重。2)河道防洪体系不健全。3)河道淤积、边坡坍塌现象严重,清淤任务艰巨。4)河流已不同程度地受到污染,生物多样性受到影响。5)自然水系和人工河道生态系统受损现象较为普遍。(2)构建黄河河口地区河道生态健康评价指标体系,研究河道生态健康评价指标的标准值和河道生态修复优先次序确定方法。在对生态河道内涵、特征和河道生态系统组成、功能、受损因素等分析的基础上,构建了黄河河口地区河道生态健康评价指标体系。针对黄河河口地区研究提出了评价指标的标准值,运用有序二元比较法确定了指标权向量,引入了生态修复指标重要度的概念,通过计算现状条件下河道生态修复指标的重要度,确定河道生态修复的优先次序。以溢洪河为例说明了该评价方法的应用。(3)将评价方法应用于实际河流。
[Abstract]:The estuary of the Yellow River is the convergence region of the efficient ecological economic zone of the Yellow River Delta and the blue economic zone of Shandong Peninsula. With the rise of these two economic zones to the national strategy one after another, the development of this region is faced with a rare and important historical opportunity. However, the river ecological restoration in this area faces many technical problems. In this paper, the methods of field investigation and data collection, laboratory test and field test, theoretical research and engineering application demonstration are used to carry out the research of various contents. The main contents of the research are as follows: (1) defining the natural and artificial river system of the backbone river in the Yellow River estuary region, and expounding the parameters of the river channel characteristics. The characteristics and main problems of natural and artificial rivers in the Yellow River estuary are analyzed. The main problems are as follows: 1) the standard of river course planning and design is low, the engineering is aging, and the degradation is serious; 2) the flood control system of the river is not perfect; 3) the river channel is silted up and the slope collapses seriously. The task of desilting is arduous. 4) the rivers have been polluted to varying degrees. Biodiversity is affected. 5) the damage of natural water system and artificial river ecosystem is common. (2) the evaluation index system of river ecological health in the Yellow River estuary is constructed. The standard value of river ecological health evaluation index and the method of determining the priority of river ecological restoration were studied. Based on the analysis of the connotation, characteristics, composition, function and damage factors of the ecological river channel, the evaluation index system of the ecological health of the river in the Yellow River estuary is constructed. Based on the study of the Yellow River estuary, the standard value of the evaluation index is put forward, the weight vector of the index is determined by using the ordered binary comparison method, and the concept of the importance of the ecological restoration index is introduced. The priority of river ecological restoration is determined by calculating the importance of river ecological restoration index under the condition of current situation. The application of the evaluation method is illustrated by taking the overflow river as an example. (3) the evaluation method is applied to the actual river.
【学位授予单位】：青岛理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X826;TV85
本文编号：2422910
[Abstract]:The estuary of the Yellow River is the convergence region of the efficient ecological economic zone of the Yellow River Delta and the blue economic zone of Shandong Peninsula. With the rise of these two economic zones to the national strategy one after another, the development of this region is faced with a rare and important historical opportunity. However, the river ecological restoration in this area faces many technical problems. In this paper, the methods of field investigation and data collection, laboratory test and field test, theoretical research and engineering application demonstration are used to carry out the research of various contents. The main contents of the research are as follows: (1) defining the natural and artificial river system of the backbone river in the Yellow River estuary region, and expounding the parameters of the river channel characteristics. The characteristics and main problems of natural and artificial rivers in the Yellow River estuary are analyzed. The main problems are as follows: 1) the standard of river course planning and design is low, the engineering is aging, and the degradation is serious; 2) the flood control system of the river is not perfect; 3) the river channel is silted up and the slope collapses seriously. The task of desilting is arduous. 4) the rivers have been polluted to varying degrees. Biodiversity is affected. 5) the damage of natural water system and artificial river ecosystem is common. (2) the evaluation index system of river ecological health in the Yellow River estuary is constructed. The standard value of river ecological health evaluation index and the method of determining the priority of river ecological restoration were studied. Based on the analysis of the connotation, characteristics, composition, function and damage factors of the ecological river channel, the evaluation index system of the ecological health of the river in the Yellow River estuary is constructed. Based on the study of the Yellow River estuary, the standard value of the evaluation index is put forward, the weight vector of the index is determined by using the ordered binary comparison method, and the concept of the importance of the ecological restoration index is introduced. The priority of river ecological restoration is determined by calculating the importance of river ecological restoration index under the condition of current situation. The application of the evaluation method is illustrated by taking the overflow river as an example. (3) the evaluation method is applied to the actual river.
【学位授予单位】：青岛理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X826;TV85
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