基于水足迹理论的昆明市水资源可持续利用研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 17:30

本文关键词：基于水足迹理论的昆明市水资源可持续利用研究　出处：《生态经济》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：基于水足迹理论和计算模型及水资源可持续利用评价指标,以昆明市2014年统计数据为依据,计算了该市2014年的水资源足迹,并评价了其水资源利用现状。研究表明:(1)2014年昆明市总的水足迹高达119.915×108 m~3,人均水足迹为1 809.76 m~3/人;(2)农业是昆明市耗水量最大的产业,其水足迹达到43.319×108 m~3,占到本市生产服务用水的77.42%;(3)昆明市水资源匮乏度为241.6%,水资源压力指数为112.7%,水资源利用处于不可持续状态;(4)从产业水足迹上看,第一产业水资源足迹最高,万元产值水足迹最大,水足迹经济效益最低,其次是第二产业,最后是第三产业,其中旅游业水足迹经济效益最高,侧面证明了旅游业是绿色低能耗产业;因此,需要通过调整产业结构,在保证本地粮食安全的前提下减少作物种植和畜禽养殖,大力发展绿色农业和旅游业,以及从外地调水和加强虚拟水贸易等方式降低该市水资源压力,逐步实现水资源的可持续利用。
[Abstract]:Based on the water footprint theory and calculation model and evaluation index of water resources sustainable utilization, based on the statistical data of Kunming in 2014, the water footprint of the city in 2014 was calculated, and the current situation of water resources utilization was evaluated. Research shows that: (1) the total water footprint of Kunming city in 2014 up to 119.915 x 108 m~3, per capita water footprint is 1809.76 m~3/; (2) the water consumption of Kunming city agriculture is the largest industry, the water footprint is up to 43.319 * 108 m~3, accounted for the city's 77.42% water production services; (3) the lack of the water resource of Kunming city is 241.6%, the water resources pressure index is 112.7%, the utilization of water resources is unsustainable; (4) from the industrial water footprint, the first industrial water footprint is highest, the water footprint of ten thousand yuan output value maximum, minimum water footprint and economic benefits, the second is the second industry, the last one is the third industry. Tourism water footprint of the highest economic benefit, the side that tourism is a green industry with low energy consumption; therefore, need to adjust the industrial structure, to ensure reduced crop planting and livestock local food security under the premise, vigorously develop green agriculture and tourism, as well as from Water resources pressure and sustainable utilization of water resources are gradually reduced by water diversion and the strengthening of the virtual water trade.
【作者单位】：云南大学建筑与规划学院;
【基金】：云南大学第四批“中青年骨干教师培养计划”项目(XT412003)
【分类号】：TV213.4
【正文快照】： 水资源短缺已经成为制约城市经济社会可持续发展的主要因素,特别是以贵州、云南、广西为代表的我国西南地区,处于亚热带脆弱的喀斯特环境中,岩溶石漠化问题带来大面积的水土流失,加剧了水资源的短缺。严重的石漠化会导致土壤肥力下降,土壤涵养水源能力减弱,可垦种面积减少,局

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