乳山近海渔业资源种类组成及变化

发布时间：2018-05-26 09:47

本文选题：渔捞日志 + 渔获物种类组成　；参考：《水产科学》2017年03期

【摘要】：根据2013—2015年乳山近海拖网渔船的渔捞日志,分析了乳山近海的单位捕捞努力量渔获量、渔获种类组成及生物多样性等特征。结果表明:(1)乳山近海渔获物共有36种,隶属于19目28科33属。其中鱼类有26种,虾蟹类4种,头足类4种,水母类1种,贝类1种。(2)2013—2015年全年优势种差异明显。其中,蓝点马鲛3年均为优势种,溊鱼是2014年和2015年优势种,网纹狮子鱼为2013年和2015年的优势种。(3)乳山近海渔获物主要集中在休渔期前后的4—5月、9—11月,渔业生产存在明显的春汛和秋汛。2013—2015年乳山近海单位捕捞努力量渔获量逐年增加,但与历史单位捕捞努力量渔获量相比还是存在明显下降;多样性指数和均匀度指数变化趋势一致,多样性指数和丰富度指数较高值出现在秋季;春汛和秋汛期间,渔业资源种属组成及群落结构相似性较高。
[Abstract]:Based on the fishing log of Rushan offshore trawler from 2013 to 2015, the characteristics of catch per unit fishing effort, species composition and biodiversity were analyzed. The results show that there are 36 species of catch in Rushan coastal waters, belonging to 19 orders, 28 families, 33 genera. There were 26 species of fish, 4 species of shrimp and crab, 4 species of cephalopod, 1 species of jellyfish and 1 species of shellfish. Among them, the blue spot mackerel was the dominant species for 3 years, and the dominant species in 2014 and 2015, and the Lionfish was the dominant species in 2013 and 2015. There is obvious spring flood and autumn flood in fishery production. The catch per unit fishing effort increased year by year from 2013 to 2015 in Rushan coastal waters, but the catch per unit fishing effort decreased obviously compared with historical fishing effort. The variation trend of diversity index and evenness index was the same, the higher diversity index and richness index appeared in autumn, and the similarity of species composition and community structure of fishery resources was higher during spring flood and autumn flood.
【作者单位】：烟台大学海洋学院;
【基金】：农业部渔业局黄渤海区捕捞动态信息采集项目(21301111612032)
【分类号】：S931.1

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