新型农业经营主体与普通农户之间资源流动关系分析——以湖北省宜昌为例

发布时间：2018-06-13 05:44

本文选题：资源流动 + 土地流转　；参考：《中国农业资源与区划》2017年04期

【摘要】：[目的]通过研究新型农业经营主体与普通农户之间资源流动的关系,为发挥新主体的规模优势、提高普通农户的生产效率提供依据。[方法]以湖北省宜昌市农业生产过程为研究对象,参照普罗塔和贝雷斯福德构建的多元关系网络,立足于生产关系角度,建构两主体之间土地、劳动力等重要生产、生活资源的流动关系。[结果](1)宜昌市随着从事家庭经营的人数的缓慢下降第一产业的劳动力呈现下降趋势,合作社和家庭农场得到了较大发展,部分地区的特色农业得到了发展;(2)宜昌市流转土地面积占总耕地面积的比例为5%~15%,平均比例为8%左右,涉及土地流转的农户数约占总农户数的26%。[结论]新主体兴起之下普通农户的相对地位下降,生产积极性不足,面临着高交易成本、高市场风险和低生产效率的困境;逐年增加的抛荒土地减少了实际土地耕种面积,在土地流转的推动下土地资源更多地流向了新主体,普通农户的土地细碎化更严重;农村劳动力资源在城镇化的发展之下快速流进城市,普通农户逐渐成为土地资源的提供者。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the relationship between the new agricultural management subject and the common peasant household, so as to provide the basis for giving full play to the scale advantage of the new main body and improving the production efficiency of the ordinary peasant household. [methods] taking the agricultural production process of Yichang City in Hubei Province as the research object, referring to the plural relation network constructed by Prota and Beresford, and based on the angle of production relations, the important production of land and labor force between the two subjects was constructed. The flow of living resources. [results] in Yichang City, with the slow decline in the number of people engaged in family business, the labor force in the primary industry has shown a downward trend, and cooperatives and family farms have been greatly developed. The proportion of circulation land area to the total cultivated land area in Yichang City is 51.15%, the average proportion is about 8%, and the number of farmers involved in land circulation accounts for 26% of the total rural households. [conclusion] under the rising of the new main body, the relative status of the ordinary farmers is decreased, the production enthusiasm is insufficient, and they are faced with the dilemma of high transaction cost, high market risk and low production efficiency, and the increasing abandoned land reduces the actual land cultivated area year by year. Under the promotion of land circulation, more land resources flow to the new main body, the land fragmentation of ordinary farmers is more serious; the rural labor resources flow into cities rapidly under the development of urbanization, and ordinary farmers gradually become the providers of land resources.
【作者单位】：华中农业大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：中国工程院2015年咨询项目“中国南方地区农业经营方式与社会化服务体系发展战略研究”(2015-XY-22)
【分类号】：F323.2;F323.6;F324

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