渭河流域水资源自然资本价值评估

发布时间：2018-07-08 15:50

  本文选题：自然资本 + 选择模型　； 参考：《西北农林科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：渭河流域是黄河的最大的支流，也是陕西省境内最大的河流，其对于环境的调节作用与支持作用是十分重要与显著的。渭河途径陕西省内关中地区的宝鸡市、咸阳市、西安市与渭南市等，是陕西省关中地区经济带的核心区域。正是因为这种特殊性，使得对渭河流域自然资源以及渭河流域对其流域内经济发展相关作用的研究受到了资源经济学的广泛关注。 要合理地利用与保护渭河流域水资源的自然资本循环发展，首要的是关注其自然资本的价值，，以便更加准确的评估自然资本的消耗速度与再生速度，最终制定合理的、有效地保护与治理政策。由于自然资本的非市场性长期被忽视，对其价值的评估却少全面性，因而本文将自然资本价值的核算建立在目前最为有效的非市场价值核算方法选择模型法上，通过运用选择模型法探究流域内居民自身对渭河流域水资源自然资本的支付意愿，从而得出流域内水资源自然资本的价值，进一步为流域内相关政策的制定提供了依据与应当着重关注的指标，最终提出政策与建议。 本文在选择模型理论的基础上建立调查问卷，通过入户式面对面的调查获得了渭河流域陕西段四个城市居民对渭河流域自然资本的支付意愿，共发出问卷888份，有效问卷811份，有效率占90.11%。通过正式调研前的预调研与问卷的反复修改，保证了问卷中问题设置的合理性与有效性。 获得数据后，通过Mixed Logit模型进行估计与数据分析，计算出渭河流域居民对渭河水资源自然资本各项指标的边际支付意愿，通过计算进一步得到居民的总体支付意愿以及支付意愿偏好。为达到《渭河流域综合治理规划》中10年内水质达到Ⅲ级等指标的治理目标，渭河流域居民每年每户的支付意愿约为317.52元，而居民偏好最大的自然资本指标是水土流失强度和渭河流域人均水量，偏好最小的指标是自然景观和生态旅游与自然公园条件。造成这一现象的可能原因是渭河流域在陕西省境内途经地区多以农业为经济发展基础，而水土流失强度与渭河人均水量这两个指标与农业生产发展的联系最为紧密，而自然景观、生态旅游与自然公园条件这两个指标将自然资本放在视觉与享受生活的角度，与农业经济发展略有脱节，故居民支付意愿较低。 对流域内居民自然资本支付意愿的研究表明，渭河流域治理当前的重点应放在保证流域内水量以及河流周边的绿化与植被保护，进而推动水土流失的综合治理。在改善环境的同时，保证农业生产与经济发展才能提高环境治理政策实施的有效性。针对不同区域地貌环境特征，有侧重地建立区别性的环境治理措施，提高政策实施效率。应加大对环保意识，特别是水资源科学利用与保护的宣传，提升农村地区居民对河流内水资源的保护意识。
[Abstract]:Weihe River Basin is the largest tributary of the Yellow River and the largest river in Shaanxi Province, which plays an important and significant role in regulating and supporting the environment. The Weihe pass through Baoji City, Xianyang City, Xi'an City and Weinan City in Inner Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province, which is the core area of Guanzhong Economic Zone in Shaanxi Province. It is precisely because of this particularity that the study on the natural resources of the Weihe River Basin and its role in the economic development of the Weihe River Basin has received extensive attention from the resource economics. In order to make rational use of and protect the natural capital cycle development of water resources in Weihe River Basin, the most important thing is to pay attention to the value of natural capital, so as to evaluate the consumption rate and regeneration speed of natural capital more accurately, and finally formulate a reasonable one. Effective protection and governance policies. Since the non-market nature of natural capital has been neglected for a long time, the evaluation of its value is less comprehensive, so this paper establishes the natural capital value accounting on the most effective non-market value accounting method selection model. By using the method of selection model to explore the willingness of residents themselves to pay for the natural capital of water resources in the Weihe River basin, the value of natural capital of water resources in the basin is obtained. It provides the basis for the formulation of relevant policies in the basin and the indicators that should be paid attention to, and finally puts forward the policies and suggestions. Based on the theory of model selection, this paper establishes a questionnaire, obtains the willingness of four urban residents to pay for the natural capital of Weihe River Basin by face-to-face household survey, and sends out 888 questionnaires and 811 valid questionnaires. The effective rate was 90.11%. The rationality and validity of the question setting in the questionnaire are ensured by the pre-survey before the formal investigation and the repeated revision of the questionnaire. After obtaining the data, through mixed logit model to estimate and analyze the data, the marginal payment will of Weihe River Basin residents to the natural capital index of Weihe River water resources is calculated. The total willingness to pay and the preference of willingness to pay are further obtained by calculation. In order to achieve the target of water quality reaching grade 鈪

本文编号：2107934