改革开放以来峨山彝族传统观念的变迁与思考

发布时间：2018-01-03 03:01

本文关键词：改革开放以来峨山彝族传统观念的变迁与思考　出处：《清华大学》2005年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国各族人民创造的民族传统文化,具有鲜明的特点和独特发展历程,是中华文化的重要组成部分和宝贵财富。由于特殊的地理位置和人文环境,各民族文化在很长时期得到较好保存。全球化给民族文化带来传播与交流,也造成破坏与丧失。面对文化大冲突的时代,矛盾不可避免。转变才是关键。改革开放为民族文化的变迁提供了条件和动力。我们需要切实分析这种变化及其影响。文化变迁中,观念的变迁是必然的。它与社会变迁一道,共同融入中国的现代化进程,成为民族发展的必然要求;观念的变迁也最重要。作为一种深层次的文化,观念不容易改变。但只有观念层面的转变才能带来文化的根本变革。民族群体世代相传并成为习惯的传统观念,在生活中无所不在地显露出来,为我们从观念层面来研究民族文化的发展演变提供了现实依据,有利于获得对民族文化变迁、发展脉络和本质的认识,可以从深层次把握民族群体生活方式的选择和转变。本文采取田野调查和文献分析相结合的研究方法,选取一个具有代表性和典型性的民族和地区,侧重就宗教、伦理、教育、婚恋和家庭等方面进行考察。分析、总结了改革开放以来,峨山彝族传统观念的变迁情况,归纳了变迁呈现出传统性和时代性兼备、兼容性与冲突性并存的特点。进而通过对宏观和微观背景的剖析,揭示峨山彝族传统观念变迁的缘由与现实合理性。指出其变迁伴随着中国复杂坎坷的现代化历程而发生,根本社会原因在于峨山自身经济、政治状况的变迁。峨山彝族传统观念的显著变化,在一定程度上代表了大多数类似条件的少数民族文化发展状态:一方面,科学、民主、平等、竞争、经济等现代观念逐步普及;另一方面,整体发展过程中又存在诸多矛盾和不平衡。通过峨山这一典型个案,本文在最后,对当前我国少数民族传统文化的发展问题,进行了思考和展望。提出传统与现代,本土与外来并非对立的存在,多种文化成分的聚合,才能使民族文化不断更新和完善。顺应社会发展,秉承民族传统,强调理解和尊重,特别要注重培养和增强民族群体的主体意识,是解决民族传统文化失落问题、保持民族文化活力和可持续发展态势的根本出路。
[Abstract]:The traditional national culture created by the people of all ethnic groups in China has distinct characteristics and unique development process. It is an important part and valuable wealth of Chinese culture, due to its special geographical location and humanistic environment. The culture of all nationalities has been well preserved for a long time. Globalization brings dissemination and communication to national culture, and also causes destruction and loss. In the face of the era of great cultural conflict, contradiction is inevitable. Transformation is the key. The reform and opening up has provided the condition and the motive force for the national culture vicissitude. We need to analyze this kind of change and its influence. In the cultural vicissitude, the change of the idea is inevitable, and it is with the social vicissitude. Integration into the modernization process of China has become an inevitable requirement for the development of the nation. The change of ideas is also the most important. As a kind of deep-seated culture, the concept is not easy to change. But only the change of the concept level can bring about the fundamental change of culture. National groups have been handed down from generation to generation and become the traditional concept of habit. The ubiquitous appearance in life provides a realistic basis for us to study the development and evolution of national culture from the concept level, which is conducive to the understanding of the changes of national culture, the context of development and the nature of national culture. We can grasp the choice and transformation of the way of life of ethnic groups from a deep level. This paper adopts the research method of combining field investigation and literature analysis, and selects a representative and typical nationality and region, focusing on religion, ethics, education, marriage and love, family and other aspects. This paper summarizes the changes of the Eshan Yi people's traditional concepts since the reform and opening up, and concludes that the changes are both traditional and contemporary. Compatibility and conflict co-exist. Then through the macro and micro background analysis. This paper reveals the reason and realistic rationality of the change of Yi people's traditional concept in Eshan, and points out that its vicissitude is accompanied by the complicated and bumpy course of modernization in China, and the fundamental social reason lies in the change of Eshan's own economic and political situation. To some extent, the remarkable change of Eshan Yi's traditional concept represents the development state of minority culture of most similar conditions: on the one hand, modern concepts such as science, democracy, equality, competition, economy and so on are gradually popularized; On the other hand, there are many contradictions and imbalances in the whole development process. The author puts forward that the traditional and modern, the native and the foreign are not the opposite existence, the aggregation of many kinds of cultural elements, can make the national culture continuously renew and perfect, conform to the social development, and inherit the national tradition. To emphasize understanding and respect, especially to cultivate and strengthen the subjective consciousness of ethnic groups, is the fundamental way to solve the problem of the loss of traditional culture and to maintain the vitality of national culture and the situation of sustainable development.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：C95

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