永续社区减灾:国际减灾最新趋向及实践反思

发布时间：2018-03-09 16:38

本文选题：永续发展　切入点：永续社区　出处：《西南民族大学学报(人文社科版)》2015年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目前人类对待灾害态度的最大问题已不是该不该改变,而是如何全面、坦率及心甘情愿接受永续社区发展理念并进行积极改变。永续社区减灾理论架构包括减灾模型、复原模型及结构认知模型,遵循七个基本准则即环境敏感区保护管理、环境容受力分析、社区安全环境与风险评估、绿建筑技术与生态工程应用、社区共识与资源开发管理、社区资源永续利用和全面参与等准则。永续社区减灾计划包括土地利用规划、预警系统设置、建筑管理与检验、紧急救难及医疗系统、危机管理指挥系统、脆弱度及回复力评估等。虽然这一理念遇到了如何促使社区居民参与、规划与执行相关政策,如何从社区管理层面实现减灾目标及如何对社区最脆弱群体进行公平治理等挑战。但无庸置疑,它有利于将国家层面的永续减灾愿景落实在社区层面,有利于促使传统减灾理念和方式进行根本变革。
[Abstract]:At present, the biggest problem of human attitude towards disasters is not whether or not to change, but how to be comprehensive, frank and willing to accept the concept of sustainable community development and make positive changes. The theoretical framework of sustainable community disaster reduction includes disaster reduction model. Restoration model and structural cognitive model follow seven basic principles: environmental sensitive area protection management, environmental tolerance analysis, community safety environment and risk assessment, green building technology and ecological engineering application, community consensus and resource development management. Sustainable use of community resources and full participation. Sustainable community disaster reduction plans include land use planning, early warning system settings, building management and inspection, emergency and medical systems, crisis management command systems, Vulnerability and resilience assessment, etc. Although this concept has encountered how to involve community residents, plan and implement related policies, Challenges such as how to achieve disaster reduction goals at the level of community management and how to manage equitably the most vulnerable groups of the community, but there is no doubt that it is conducive to the implementation of the vision of sustainable disaster reduction at the national level at the community level, It is advantageous to promote the traditional disaster reduction idea and the way to carry on the fundamental transformation.
【作者单位】：广州大学公共管理学院;广州大学南方灾害治理研究中心;复旦大学;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“灾害损失评估的社会学研究”(12BSH024) 广州市哲学社会学科学“十二五”规划项目“从结构式减灾到非结构式减灾:国际减灾的重大转向及对广州启示”(13Y16)阶段性成果
【分类号】：C95

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