维村社会的变迁

发布时间：2018-06-05 19:51

本文选题：维吾尔族 + 村庄社区　；参考：《中央民族大学》2011年博士论文

【摘要】：社会变迁是当代社会学研究中最为重要、最具挑战性的主题之一。新中国成立以后,尤其是改革开放以来少数民族地区的社会经济快速发展,这导致了少数民族地区社会的快速变迁。目前,民族地区的社会变迁是我国社会学研究者一直关注的问题之一。维吾尔族是新疆的主体民族,80%左右的维吾尔族居住在新疆南部,其中绝大部分从事农业。新中国成立后,特别是改革开放30年以来,新疆维吾尔族乡村社会的经济快速发展,维吾尔族社会已进入了现代社会。随着现代化、农业生产机械化与农业科技的推广,维吾尔族村民的生活方式与生产关系中有了相应的变化。居住在“沙漠绿洲”中的维吾尔族村民如何生活?他们怎样建构自己的社会?社会经济的快速发展对维吾尔族村落带来如何变迁?他们如何适应不断变化的现代生活?他们面临的困难和问题有哪些?维吾尔族社会变迁的动力是什么等问题便成了本文研究的重点。目的在于尽力去了解什么正在变迁,怎样变,变迁的未来趋势如何? 在社会学研究中,每个研究者总会面临着选择调查点的问题。本文是对一个维吾尔族村落社会变迁的研究。调查地点是新疆南部新和县一个维吾尔族村庄社区。该村庄在改革开放以来的30年内基本实现了机械化,棉花是主要经济作物,小麦和玉米是主要消费作物。实现农业现代化以后,村民为增加经济收入,目前大力发展林果业和养殖业。本研究中采用社会学研究中的社区与社会变迁两个概念,重点论述这个村庄社区改革开放以来的社会变迁、变迁的未来趋势以及文化的适应过程。这将为认识维吾尔族村落社会变迁及其文化的适应过程提供具有类型意义的研究资料。本文由七章组成,主要内容分述如下：第一章是本论文的“导论”。这部分介绍了本论文的研究缘起与研究意义、调查区域与调查点的选择理由、村落研究的相关文献回顾、研究的理论分析和研究视角、研究的时间维度与研究方法、基本研究假设等内容。第二章描述了地理和历史坐标下的维村。其中主要描述了村落所在县的自然环境、村落所在县与村落的历史沿革、人口的变化、家庭规模与家庭功能的变化、现代学校教育体系的形成与发展等内容。第三章论述了村民的经济生活。这是本论文的核心内容之一其中主要论述了土地政策的沿革、农田与水利建设、科学种田和农业机械化、发展特色产业、增收与税费改革——让“苜蓿”生长起来等主要内容。重点探讨了维村社会在市场经济影响下的变迁与村民的适应过程。第四章讲述了村民的物质生活,其中包括饮食、服饰、房屋结构与空间建构、交通工具等主要内容。主要探讨了新农村建设背景下的抗震安居房政策及其对村民居住环境的影响。第五章论述了宗教文化与社会整合,其中包括伊斯兰教与村民生活、清真寺与维吾尔社会、宗教人士——伊玛目与维吾尔社会等三个方面的内容。主要论述了伊斯兰教在维吾尔族传统社会的功能,维吾尔族宗教文化正在面临的实际问题,宗教人员和清真寺在维吾尔族社会的作用。第六章论述了人生礼仪与节庆,其中包括举行生日仪式的出现、命名礼、摇篮礼、割礼、绾发礼、婚礼、葬礼、节庆等八个主要内容,主要论述了现代化背景下的人生礼仪中发生的变化及其原因。第七章是论文的结论部分,其中主要从维村社会变迁的特征、政策建议和展望等三个方面来探讨了维村社会的变迁、存在的问题及其对策建议和对未来的展望。通过以上各章的分析和论述,本文认为,维村社会不断发展变化的同时,维村文化也处在不断变化与适应之中。随着社会的发展,维村村民不断调整自身文化来适应新的形势。随着社会经济的发展,维村村民将会从传统文化中形成新的策略来应对社会发展中出现的新问题。
[Abstract]:Social change is one of the most important and challenging topics in contemporary sociology research . After the founding of New China , especially since the reform and opening up , the social and economic development of ethnic minority areas has led to the rapid change of society in ethnic minority areas . At present , social change in ethnic areas is one of the problems that Chinese sociology researchers have been concerned about .

The Uygur nationality is the main nationality of Xinjiang , and the Uygur people living around 80 % live in the south of Xinjiang , most of them are engaged in agriculture . How do they construct their own society ? How do they construct their own society ? How do they adapt to changing modern life ? How do they adapt to changing modern life ? How do they adapt to changing modern life ? How do they adapt to changing modern life ? How do they adapt to changing modern life ? What are the dynamics of Uighur social change ? What are they ?

In the sociological study , each researcher always faces the problem of choosing a survey point . This article is a study of the social change of a Uygur village . The investigation place is a Uygur village community in Xinghe County in the south of Xinjiang . The village has basically realized mechanization in 30 years since the reform and opening - up , and cotton is the main economic crop , wheat and maize are the main consuming crops . After the modernization of agriculture , the villagers have made great efforts to increase the economic income . At present , the forest and fruit industry and the breeding industry are vigorously developed .

In this study , two concepts of community and social change are adopted in the study of sociology , which focuses on the social change , the future trend of the change and the adaptation process of culture since the reform and opening up of the village community .

This article consists of seven chapters , and the main contents are as follows :

Chapter One is the introduction of this paper . This part introduces the origin and significance of the research , the selection reasons of the investigation area and the investigation point , the relevant literature review of the study of the village , the theoretical analysis and the research perspective , the time dimension of the study and the research method , the basic research hypothesis and so on .

The second chapter describes the dimension village under the geographic and historical coordinates . It mainly describes the natural environment of the village , the historical evolution of village and village , the change of population , the change of family size and family function , the formation and development of modern school education system .

The third chapter discusses the villagers ' economic life . This is one of the core contents of this paper , which mainly discusses the main contents of the development of land policy , farmland and water conservancy construction , scientific field and agricultural mechanization , development of special industries , income generation and tax reform .

The fourth chapter describes the material life of villagers , including the main contents of diet , clothing , house structure and space construction , transportation , etc . The paper mainly discusses the policy of anti - seismic safety and shelter under the background of new rural construction and its effect on villagers ' living environment .

The fifth chapter discusses the integration of religious culture and society , including Islam and village life , mosque and Uygur society , religious person _ Imam and Uygur society . It mainly discusses the function of Islam in the traditional society of Uygur people , the practical problems that the Uygur religious culture is facing , the role of religious personnel and mosques in the Uygur society .

The sixth chapter discusses the life manners and festivals , including the appearance of the birthday ceremony , the naming ceremony , the cradle ceremony , the excision ceremony , the thread hair ceremony , the wedding , the funeral , the festival and other eight main contents , and mainly discusses the changes and causes in the life etiquette under the background of modernization .

The seventh chapter is the conclusion part of the paper , mainly from the characteristics of the social change in the village , the policy suggestion and the outlook , etc . The paper discusses the change of the village society , the existing problems and its countermeasures and prospects for the future .

With the development of the society , the villagers of the village will form new strategies from the traditional culture to deal with the new problems in the social development .
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C912.82;C95

【引证文献】