埃塞俄比亚奥罗莫人问题的由来与现状

发布时间：2018-08-05 12:39

【摘要】：埃塞俄比亚是一个多民族国家,其现代疆域是19世纪末通过征战确立的。由于历史上埃塞俄比亚的统治族阿姆哈拉族一直对其他被征服民族施行霸权统治和强制同化政策,阶级划分与民族界线重合,导致埃塞俄比亚民族矛盾尖锐,被统治民族的反政府武装林立。奥罗莫族虽为埃塞俄比亚的第一大族,但自被征服以来,其在政治和社会生活中却长期处于绝对的边缘地位。由于不堪阿姆哈拉族的压迫,奥罗莫入掀起了长达一个多世纪的反政府武装斗争,并最终发展为民族独立运动。奥罗莫民族主义者对历届埃塞政权均持否定态度,认为正是他们的民族独裁政治和"殖民"统治导致了奥罗莫人的屈辱地位,他们反对所有殖民统治,并最终以独立建国实现自治为斗争目标。奥罗莫人的反政府武装已成为影响埃塞俄比亚和平发展和非洲之角和谐安宁的一个重要因素。
[Abstract]:Ethiopia is a multi-ethnic country whose modern territory was established by the war in the late nineteenth Century. Since the reign of the ruling ethnic group of Ethiopia has been carrying out hegemonic rule and compulsory assimilation policy for the other conquered ethnic groups in history, class division and national boundaries coincide, resulting in the sharp contradiction and unification of Ethiopia ethnic contradictions. The anti government armed forces of the ethnic group were the first major ethnic group in Ethiopia, but since they were conquered, they have long been in absolute marginalization in political and social life. Owing to the oppression of the imhan nationality, Oro ormoh set off a multi world anti government armed struggle and eventually developed into the people. The oropo nationalists held a negative attitude to all the eesse regimes. They believed that their national dictatorship and "colonial" rule led to the humiliating status of oropo. They opposed all colonial rule and finally achieved self-government by independence as the goal of struggle. The oropo's anti government armed forces have become a shadow. It is an important factor for Ethiopia's peaceful development and harmony and peace in the horn of Africa.
【作者单位】：云南大学国际关系研究院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“撒哈拉以南非洲反政府武装问题研究:背景、进程与影响”(12YJCGJW013)部分研究成果云南大学“中青年骨干教师培养计划”专项经费资助
【分类号】：C95

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