改革开放以来党对政府与市场关系认识的变迁

发布时间：2018-08-07 09:16

【摘要】：本文首先追溯了政府与市场关系的认识。从中国传统经济思想入手,分析其基本立场,得出可资借鉴的思想;再通过对西方资产阶级市场经济理论的研究,了解其基本的观点;接着着重阐述了马克思、恩格斯对资本主义政府与市场批判的启示,通过这部分的研究可以看出马克思、恩格斯对商品经济持反对态度,但是没有绝对否定商品经济。因为他们认为在社会主义经济没有相当发达之前,可以利用商品经济,等到足够发达时取消商品经济。此后阐述了列宁、斯大林、建国初期党对资产阶级关于政府与市场关系理论的批判。他们都是继承了马克思关于商品经济的批判的思想,根据不同的实际情况发展了马克思主义经济理论。尤其是我党在建国初期对政府与市场关系的认识主要是毛泽东同志和刘少奇同志的经济思想。本文阐述的重点是改革开放以后党对政府与市场关系认识变迁的历程以及在十八大精神指导下党对政府与市场关系的认识。通过对不同时期党的领导人的中央文件和讲话文件的梳理,不难看出党在认识政府与市场关系的转变主要经过了四个时期的主要内容:“以计划经济为主、市场经济为辅”、公有制下有计划的商品经济、市场在资源配置中起基础性作用、市场在资源配置中起决定性作用。通过这一部分的分析,可以看出党的认识在不断深化并走向成熟,能够准确的认识到市场和政府间的关系,从而制定出有利于人民、国家、社会的经济政策。党的认识已经有了较为明确的阐述,在实践过程中如何具体贯彻也是我们研究的重点:深化对市场决定性作用的认识;强化对政府宏观调控作用的理解;提升对社会公平与经济效率的认知能力。通过已有资料对理论和实践认识的梳理和分析,总结出我党在认识道路上能够转变的原因、经验以及教训,得出结论,阐述自己的观点,为今后党的认识的转变提供可资借鉴之处。
[Abstract]:This paper first traces the understanding of the relationship between the government and the market. Starting with the Chinese traditional economic thought, this paper analyzes its basic position and draws some ideas that can be used for reference; through the study of the western bourgeois market economy theory, it understands its basic viewpoints; then it focuses on the elaboration of Marx, The enlightenment of Engels to the criticism of capitalist government and market can be seen from this part of the study that Marx and Engels are against the commodity economy, but there is no absolute negation of the commodity economy. Because they think that before the socialist economy is quite developed, we can use the commodity economy and cancel the commodity economy when it is developed enough. After that, it expounds Lenin, Stalin, and the Party's critique of bourgeois theory on the relationship between government and market in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China. They all inherited Marx's critical thought on commodity economy and developed Marxist economic theory according to different actual conditions. In particular, our Party's understanding of the relationship between government and market in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China was mainly based on the economic thoughts of Comrade Mao Zedong and Comrade Liu Shaoqi. The emphasis of this paper is the course of the Party's understanding of the relationship between the government and the market after the reform and opening up and the understanding of the relationship between the government and the market under the guidance of the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Through combing the central and speech documents of the party leaders in different periods, it is not difficult to see that the party has mainly experienced four main contents in the transformation of the relationship between the government and the market: "the planned economy is the main factor, the market economy is secondary". In the planned commodity economy under public ownership, the market plays a fundamental role in the allocation of resources, and the market plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources. Through this part of the analysis, we can see that the party's understanding is deepening and maturing, can accurately understand the relationship between the market and the government, and thus formulate economic policies that are beneficial to the people, the country and the society. The Party's understanding has been explained clearly, and how to carry it out in practice is also the focus of our research: deepening the understanding of the decisive role of the market, strengthening the understanding of the role of the government in macro-control; Enhance the cognitive ability of social equity and economic efficiency. By combing and analyzing the theoretical and practical understanding of the existing materials, the author summarizes the reasons, experiences and lessons that our Party can change on the road of cognition, draws a conclusion, and expounds its own views. For the future transformation of the Party's understanding can be used for reference.
【学位授予单位】：南京信息工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D267

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