责任伦理视角下工程风险及其防范研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 01:16

本文关键词：责任伦理视角下工程风险及其防范研究　出处：《昆明理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：现代工程活动的蓬勃发展给人类创造了一个有史以来最为便利的时代,但与此同时,大规模的现代工程活动产生的一系列工程风险也给当前人类社会的生存与发展带来了诸多的不确定性。我国是世界工程大国,也是世界上工程事故发生较频繁的国度。一般而言,工程事故的形成源自于工程风险未能得到有效的防范和管控。从一定意义上说,工程风险实质上是一种“人造”风险。即大多数的工程风险与工程活动主体人员的疏忽与过失有着深刻的关联。因此我们可以这样说,大多数工程事故实际上是由于工程活动主体人员的责任意识淡漠或缺乏而导致的人为的工程事故。正是在这种意义上,如何有效防范工程风险,减少工程事故的发生,工程活动主体人员的良好伦理责任意识是非常关键的因素。事实上,工程活动伦理责任体系的建构与工程活动成员良好的伦理责任意识的培养是防范工程风险的首要精神防线。工程伦理研究实践表明,工程活动主体人员在工程活动中的良好道德认知、道德审度与道德自律,能前瞻性地消除、减少或控制工程风险,从而最大限度地减少人为工程风险的发生。论文首先从分析工程风险的概念、内涵及特点入手,探讨工程风险的伦理评价的意涵及重要意义,指出传统“资本化”工程风险评价模式的局限性。以此为理论基础,论文接着深入分析工程活动人员道德责任缺失与工程风险生成之间的内在关联,并采用具体案例分析对论文提出的观点进行充分的剖析与论证。事实上,工程活动主体人员伦理责任缺失的重要原因是缺乏一定的伦理规范体系对他们工程行为进行必要的规范与引导。基于这种考虑,论文尝试提出工程活动主体人员伦理规范体系的构想。具体内容包括广泛认同的工程责任伦理价值体系,健全的工程主体行为伦理规范体系和详实的工程实践过程责任伦理规范体系。显而易见,工程活动主体责任伦理体系是防范工程风险的首要精神屏障。论文最后分析了工程主体道德自律防范工程风险的局限性及妨碍工程责任伦理有效防范工程风险的主要因素,阐明协同法律制度与技术改进等方式共同防范工程风险的必要性,并提出了系列运用工程责任伦理有效防范工程风险的对策思路。结语部分指出风险社会背景下责任伦理的必要性与重要性,现代工程技术人员如果缺乏责任伦理的引导,工程技术成果极容易成为危及民众健康、安全与福祉的祸害,而不是造福于人类。
[Abstract]:The vigorous development of modern human engineering activities to create a history of the most convenient time, but at the same time, a series of project risk in modern engineering activities on a large scale to the survival and development of the human society has brought many uncertainties. China is the world's big in engineering, but also the world's engineering accident the more frequent the country. Generally speaking, the formation of engineering accidents from project risk prevention and control has not been effective. In a certain sense, the project risk is essentially a kind of "artificial" risk. Most of the engineering risk of negligence and negligence and engineering activities of the main staff are deeply interconnected. So we it can be said that most of the engineering accidents is actually due to the activities of the main engineering personnel's responsibility consciousness indifference or lack caused by man-made accidents. It is in this project Sense, how to prevent project risk effectively, reduce engineering accidents, engineering activities of the main staff good ethics responsibility consciousness is a very key factor. In fact, cultivation of ethical responsibility system of engineering construction and engineering activities activities of members of good ethics responsibility consciousness is the primary mental defense to prevent risks. Engineering practice shows that engineering ethics study, good moral cognitive engineering activities of the main personnel in engineering activities, moral perspective and moral self-discipline, to proactively eliminate, reduce or control the risks of the project, so as to reduce human engineering risk maximize. This paper starts from the concept analysis of the project risk, connotation and characteristics, and to explore the significance of ethical evaluation the project risk implications, limitations of the traditional model of risk assessment of "capital" project. Based on this theory, the paper then deeply Correlation analysis between engineering and the lack of moral responsibility and engineering risk generated, and the case analysis of this paper puts forward the viewpoint to analyze and prove sufficient. In fact, the important reasons for the lack of engineering personnel activities of the main ethical responsibility is the lack of ethics system of certain norms and guidance necessary for their engineering behavior. Based on this consideration, this paper tries to put forward the idea of ethics system engineering activities of the main staff. System engineering responsibility ethics value includes wide recognition, sound engineering subject to ethics system and detailed engineering practice responsibility ethics system. Obviously, the engineering activities of the main ethical responsibility system is the most important spiritual barrier to prevent project risk. The paper analyzes the project of the main limitations of moral self-discipline and hinder the project risk prevention The main factors affect the engineering ethics of responsibility effectively prevent project risk, and illustrates the necessity of collaborative law system and technology improvement together against the engineering project risk, and put forward a series of countermeasures by engineering ethical responsibility to effectively prevent project risk. The conclusion points out that the ethics of responsibility risk under the social background of the necessity and importance of modern engineering personnel if the lack of technical responsibility ethics guidance, technical achievements very easily become the scourge of endangering the people's health, safety and welfare, rather than for the benefit of mankind.

【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B82-05

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