儒家道德的内在条件和内在超越——论刘宗周的“体独”思想

发布时间：2018-01-06 01:18

本文关键词：儒家道德的内在条件和内在超越——论刘宗周的“体独”思想　出处：《道德与文明》2016年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：刘宗周的"体独"思想为道德实践的内在可能性、内在超越的可能性奠定了坚实的内在根据。所谓"体独",是指在身体整体参与的经验下,对独体即天命之性的体察和觉悟。它是道德实践的关键环节,通过体独,天命之性得以呈露,与人的生命发生真切的关联,使人对道德实践产生不容已的诉求。体独的方法是静坐,这种静坐方式并不是强使思路断绝,而是使独体在流行不息的心念过程中一直处于醒觉、做主的状态。体独具有实践意义,体现为体独和立志之间的深层关系,即"觌体承当":学者亲面体证独体,然后对自己的本性毅然地承当,毅然地选择担当起道德实践的责任。体独也具有超越意义,通过体独,可以实现对天道的证悟和观照;人在对天道的证悟中也能实现对性命和自我规定性的自觉。
[Abstract]:Liu Zongzhou's thought of "physical independence" lays a solid internal foundation for the internal possibility of moral practice and the possibility of internal transcendence. The so-called "physical independence" refers to the experience of the whole body participating. It is the key link of moral practice, through which the nature of nature can be exposed, and it is closely related to human life. The method of body independence is meditation, which is not to force the train of thought to be cut off, but to make the individual body always wake up in the process of popular mind thinking. The state of being the master has practical significance, which is embodied in the deep relationship between the body independence and the determination, that is, "the international body should bear the responsibility": the scholars identify the individual body with the prohedral body, and then resolutely bear the responsibility for their own nature. Body independence also has transcendental significance, through which we can realize the realization and reflection of the Tao of heaven. Man can also realize his consciousness of life and self-stipulation in his realization of the Tao of Heaven.
【作者单位】：北京大学高等人文研究院;
【分类号】：B82-092
【正文快照】： 儒家道德实践也称为“为己之学”,其目的是通过学习成为圣人、完人。道德实践是项艰苦卓绝的事业,需要倾注一生的时间和精力。那么,道德实践的内在可能性何在呢?人何以能倾注一生之力去进行道德实践这桩事业?自孟子以来,儒家学者便努力从心性的角度为道德实践寻找一个内在的根

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