想象与形式主义的伦理学——以对《实践理性批判》的批判性考察为例

发布时间：2018-03-16 09:55

本文选题：实践理性批判　切入点：想象力　出处：《道德与文明》2014年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：康德道德哲学一般被视作形式主义的伦理学,这种形式主义的特征可以从《实践理性批判》中对想象的态度得到辨明。通过考察想象在《实践理性批判》中的位置,可以得出如下结论:第一,虽然康德明确地要求在实践理性领域中排除想象,但他实际上并没有也不可能完全把想象从他的道德哲学体系中排除出去。据此,康德伦理学不完全是形式主义的,舍勒对他的指责只有在一般和不严格的意义上才是可以接受的;第二,形式主义伦理学自身有其必要性,康德伦理学的形式主义特征一方面是他最大的贡献,但另一方面也因压抑和束缚了想象力在道德实践中的根本作用而误解了实际道德行为,否定了实践智慧。通过这一例证式的分析,我们能够表明:任何一种伦理学,若不懂得想象在道德实践中的根本作用,就都意味着致命的缺陷。而想象的这种作用又包含先验想象力的作用和经验想象力的作用两个方面。
[Abstract]:Kant's moral philosophy is generally regarded as the ethics of formalism, the characteristics of formalism can be distinguished from the attitude to imagination in the critique of practical reason. It can be concluded as follows: first, although Kant explicitly requested the exclusion of imagination from the realm of practical rationality, he did not and could not completely exclude imagination from his moral philosophy system. Kant's ethics is not entirely formalistic, and Schiller's criticism of him is acceptable only in a general and lax sense. On the one hand, Kant's formalism is his greatest contribution, but on the other hand, he misunderstands the actual moral behavior by suppressing and constraining the fundamental role of imagination in moral practice. Negating practical wisdom. Through this illustrative analysis, we can show that any kind of ethics, if it does not understand the fundamental role of imagination in moral practice, The role of imagination consists of two aspects: the role of transcendental imagination and the role of empirical imagination.
【作者单位】：温州医科大学社科部、人文治疗研究所;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(14CZX042)
【分类号】：B82-0

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